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1、Therealizationthatmodern,capitalistsocietiesexhibitwidelydifferentpatternsofeconomicbehaviorstimulatedsociologiststotreateconomicconventionslikeothertypesofconventions,andthisrealizationcameaboutinpartwiththeincreasingawarenessthatEastAsiaprovidesamodelofmodernitydifferentf
2、romthemodelthatEuropeansandNorthAmericanswereusedto-orperhapsseveraldifferentmodels・AlfredChandler(1990)showsthatpoliticalinstitutionsforgednationalmarketstructures,withGermanyorganizedaroundstrongcartels,Britainaroundinsulatedfamily-heldfirms,andtheUnitedStatesarounddiffus
3、estockownershipandoligopolies.ColleenDunlavy(forthcoming)showsthatpoliticalsystemshadproducedoAndideasinflueneeallkindsofsocialbehavior,includingeconomicbehavior,despitethefactthattheeffectscanbedifficulttoseeinaworldwheretheproponentsofneweconomicconventionsandinstitutions
4、appealtouniversaleconomiclawsratherthanhumamadeconceptionsofrationality.2.A"farbetter"outcomewouldhavemeantlesshumancarnageinthefactoriesandmines,lessunrestraineddevouringofnaturalresourcesandlesspollution,afarlesssteepriseinthedegreeofwealthandincomeinequality,smaller,more
5、flexible,andcompetitiveorganizations刁ndstrongersocialwelfareprovisionsbyastrongfederalgovernment・3.Thestatenotonlycanmakeindependentandsignificantcontributionstothenegotiationofamorestableandinstitutionalizedinterestcompromisebutisalsoempoweredtoextractsome"public-regarding
6、"concessionsfromthebargainingassociations.Duringthegreatdepressionandworldwar2,forthefirsttimeinmodernhistory,Iargue,thestateincapitalisteconomiesshiftedthefocusofitspropertyrightspolicyfromprotect!ngprivatetomaintainingpoliticalstabilityineconomichardtimesandallocatingreso
7、urcesfornationalsurvivalinwar.Beyondalegalsystem,whichreferstoasetofrulesaboutcontracts,corporations,andcrimes,alegaltraditionisasetofdeeplyrooted,historicallyconditionedattitudesaboutthenatureoflaw,abouttheroleoflawinthesocietyandthepolity,abouttheproperorganizationandoper
8、ationofalegalsystem‘andaboutthewaylawisorshouldbemade,applied,studiedperfected,and
