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1、1罗马帝国:早期，盛期与晚期建筑TheRomanEmpire:Early,High&LateArchitecture3TheEarlyEmpire(27B.C.–98C.E.)UnderstandtheroleoftheColosseumandamphitheaterinRomanlife.UnderstandthedevelopmentofRomanartandarchitectureastheempireexpandsanddevelops.4Pont-du-Gard*,Nîmes,France,ca.16BCE.10AerialviewoftheColosseum*(Flavia
2、nAmphitheater),Rome,Italy,ca.70–80CE. -ovalshaped615’x510’-outerwall=159’H -topwallsupportedanawningforshade -engagedcolumnsFrombottomtotop,differentordersofarch.Frombasictocomplex(Hellenisticinfluence):Tuscan—plainorderongroundlevelIonic—2ndCorinthian—3rdCorinthianpilasters—4thAtticstoryhass
3、mall,squarewindowsthatalternatewithbronzecartouches(shieldshapedornaments)Colosseum—mostofitwasdismantledduringMiddleAgesformarble,metalfittingsandmaterialsforchurchesVaultedconstruction“Thearch”beginsduringFlaviandynastyaspartarchitecture,partsculpturecelebratingaformalvictoryCommissionedbyempe
4、rorDomitiantohonorhisbrother,TitusMadeofconcretebutfacedwithmarbleOriginallythebaseforastatueofa4horsechariotanddriverColumnsareintheCompositeorderTHEARCHOFTITUS24ArchofTitus*Rome,Italy,after81CE.25SpoilsofJerusalem*,reliefpanelfromtheArchofTitus,Rome,Italy,after81CE.Marble,7’10”high.Tituscaptur
5、edJerusalemwhereJewswererevoltingRomansdestroyedtheSecondTempleinJerusalem,carriedoffitssacredtreasuresanddisplayedtheminatriumphalprocessioninRomeUsedrelieftoshowsenseofspace27TriumphofTitus,reliefpanelfromtheArchofTitus,Rome,Italy,after81CE.Marble,7’10”high.28HighEmpire(96–192C.E.)Understandth
6、epoliticalnatureofRomanartandarchitecture,especiallyasitcommunicatesideasofpowerfortheemperorandempire.ExaminethearchitecturaldevelopmentoftheRomanforum,themarkets,thetriumphalarchesand,inparticular,thePantheon.29ArtunderTrajaninSpain,Africa,ItalyUnderstandthepoliticalnatureofRomanartandarchitec
7、ture,especiallyasitcommunicatesideasofpowerfortheemperorandempire.Examineartisticdevelopmentandformalchanges,especiallyissuesofspaceandnarrationintheColumnofTrajan.TrajanchoosesApollodorusofDamascustoredesigntheForum(Rome’sc
