Texas吐火罗语教程.pdf

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1、TocharianOnlineTableofContentsToddB.KrauseandJonathanSlocum®Note:thispageisforsystems/browserswithUnicodesupportandfontsspanningtheUnicode3charactersetrelevantto(Romanized)Tocharian.Versionsofthispagerenderedinalternatecharactersetsareavailablevialinks(

2、RomanizedandUnicode2)intheupper-leftmargin.Lessons0.IntroductiontoTocharian1.ExerptfromtheBuddhistPuṇyavanta-Jātaka2.BuddhistPuṇyavanta-Jātaka(cont'd)3.ExerptfromtheMaitreyasamiti-nāṭaka(A255/THT888)4.Maitreyasamiti-nāṭaka(cont'd)5.Maitreyasamiti-nāṭaka

3、(cont'd)6.ExerptfromThe"LastSupper"oftheBuddha(B107/THT107)7.The"LastSupper"oftheBuddha(cont'd)8.The"LastSupper"oftheBuddha(cont'd)9.The"LastSupper"oftheBuddha(cont'd)10.The"LastSupper"oftheBuddha(cont'd)11.Appendix1:ACliniconLookingUpTocharianWordsGram

4、marPoints1.SoundsandWriting1.1.WritingSystem1.2.PhonologicalSystem1.3.RoughGuidetoPronunciation1.4.Accent1.5.Palatalization2.Gender,Number,andHuman/Non-Human2.1.Gender2.2.Number2.3.HumanversusNon-Human3.AdjectiveOverview4.OverviewoftheVerbalSystem4.1.Pe

5、rson&Number4.2.Voice4.3.Mood4.4.Tense4.5.Base&Causative5.BasicWordOrder6.Sandhi7.Case7.1.PrimaryCases8.AdjectiveStructure8.1.AdjectiveEndings8.2.AdjectiveClasses9.PresentSystem9.1.PresentClasses9.2.PresentEndings9.3.Non-PastReferenceParadigms10.Agglutin

6、ation11.HistoricalPhonology:Vowels11.1.FromProto-Indo-EuropeantoProto-Tocharian11.2.Proto-TochariantoTocharian:GeneralRules11.3.Proto-TochariantoTocharian:Accentandthea-Series11.4.PIEtoPToch:Non-PalatalVowels11.5.PIEtoPToch:PalatalVowels11.6.PIEtoPToch:

7、Diphthongs11.7.FurtherConsiderations:Umlaut12.SecondaryCases12.1.SecondaryCaseStructure12.2.FullNominalReferenceParadigm12.3.GroupInflection13.AdjectiveClassI:ThematicAdjectives13.1.PrimaryAdjectives13.2.DerivedAdjectives14.PastSystem14.1.PreteriteClass

8、es14.2.PastEndings14.3.PastReferenceParadigms15.Coordination16.HistoricalPhonology:Consonants16.1.FromProto-Indo-EuropeantoProto-Tocharian16.2.TheDentalSeries16.3.TheLabiovelars16.4.Proto-TochariantoTocharian17.PrimaryCaseEndings