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1、非谓语动词定义：在句子中不是谓语动词叫做非谓语动词..在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分形式：它有三种形式：不定式(todo)，分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done），动名词(doing)非谓语动词（非限定动词）非谓语动词特征：1）无人称和数的变化。2）不失去原意，可以加上自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。3）否定式不用借助于助动词在谓语动词前加not另外还有一些非动词的特征，相当于名词、形容词等，在句子里可以作这些词类所能用作的句子成分非谓语动词在句中
2、不能单独作谓语动词。不受主语的人称和数的限制。Helikestosing.Theyliketosing.Themanwalkinginfrontwascarryingabook.Themenwalkinginfrontwerecarryingbooks.非谓语动词主宾表定状宾补TododoingDoingdone∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨∨tododoingdoing(分词)tobedonebeingdonebeingdonetohavedonehavingdonehavingdonetohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendonet
3、obedoingtohavebeendoing过去分词只有一种形式done既可以表被动也可以完成1todo短语作主语Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.Itmeansfailuretoloseyourheart.常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+todo。2、Ittakessb.+sometime+todo。3、It+be+形容词+ofsb+todo。4、It
4、+be+形容词+forsb.+todo。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。例如Todo作主语Totalkwithherisagreatpleasure.Tolearnfromothersisveryimportant.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithher.Itisveryimportanttolearnfromothers.2.作表语Herwishistobecomea
5、famoussinger.Ourplanistofinishtheworkintwoweeks.3.作宾语Hewishestogoabroadtohaveafurtherstudy.Wehavedecidedtogivethemahand.IwanttowatchTV.常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,prefer,IwasthefirstwomantotravelaloneattheNorthpole.Shanghaii
6、sthefirstcityintheworldtohavebuiltahigh—speedmaglevtrain.4.作定语5Todo作状语①表目的：Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.Shesoldherhairtobuythewatchchain.注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：wrong：Tosavemoney,everymeanshasbeentried.right：Tosavemoney,hehastriedeverymeans.②表结果：Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.常用only放在
7、不定式前表示强调：Ivisitedhimonlytofindhimout.Afewyearslaterhecamehometofindhishometownchanged.Ihurriedtothepostoffice,onlytofinditwasclosed.③表原因：Theywereverysadtohearthenews.④表程度：It'stoodarkforustoseeanything.Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer.6.作宾补在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如Iwan
