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1、英语语法EnglishGrammar第三章动词和动词词组主谓一致英语的时态主谓一致主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在人称、数等方面保持一致的关系主谓一致应遵守的三个原则语法一致意义一致就近原则语法一致语法一致指当主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；当主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。e.g.Iamateacher.Theyarestudents.有的名词表示的物品往往成双成对，这时谓语动词用复数形式。如：glasses,trousers,scissors,jeans等。e.g.Wherearemyglasses?Ican’tfindthem.主语是单
2、数，后面与like,with,alongwith,togetherwith,besides,including,inadditionto,except,but,等介词连用时，谓语动词是单数。e.g.Thedoctor,togetherwithtwonurses,isgoingtotheoffice.NobodyexceptMr.Brownwasinvitedtothemeeting.当主语后跟asmuchas,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式而定。e.g.The
3、pilot,aswellastwopassengers,hassurvivedtheaircrash.Someoftheworkersaswellasthemanagerwereresponsiblefortheloss.Themanager,ratherthantheworkers,isresponsibleforit.Morethanonepersonisinvolvedinthiscase.意义一致意义一致指谓语动词是单数还是复数形式不是取决于主语的形式，而是取决于主语的意义。e.g.Ourfamilyisahappyone.Ourfamil
4、yarebusymovinghouse.以-ics结尾的表示学科的名词做主语，虽然形式上以s结尾，但意义是单数，这时谓语动词用单数。E.g.Mathsisthedifficultsubject.Physicsishismajor.有的表示时间，距离，量的名词词组形式上是复数，但是被看成是一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数。e.g.Twentydollarsistoomuchtopaythatshirt.Fiftyminutesisn’tenoughtofinishthetest.就近原则就近原则指谓语动词的单复数形式和它最靠近的主语的数保持一致。由or,
5、nor,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。e.g.Neitherhenortheyareright.无论是他还是他们都不对。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwantstoleave.不仅同学们而且老师也想离开。练习11.NobodybutJane____thesecret.a.knowb.knowsc.haveknownd.isknown2.Allbutone_____herejustnow.a.isb.was
6、c.hasbeend.were3.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.a.isb.arec.amd.be4. NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris______fondofplayingbasketball.a.am b.is c.are d.was5. NeitherTomnorhisparents______athome.a.is b.are c.has d.was6. ______waswrong.
7、NottheteacherbutthestudentsBoththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher7.“______twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”Willbe b.Is c.Are d.Were8. Threehours______enoughforustofinishthetask.a.are b.has c.is d.were9. M
8、orethanoneworker______dismissed.a.havebeen b.are c.hasbe
