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1、UnderstandingEugeneO’Neill(1888-1953)Prof.Zhou19/11/2013AmericanLitWeek11Outline■Review20thcenturypoetsthroughdictation■ArchibaldMacleish(1892-1982)onpoemp.203■EugeneGlastoneO'neill(1888-1953)p.206■UnderstandingDesireUndertheElms(1924)EugeneO’Neill(1888-1953)Unque
2、stionablyAmerica’sgreatestplaywright.HeWonthePulitzerPrizefourtimesTheonlydramatistevertowinaNobelPrize(1936).Heiswidelyacclaimed“founderoftheAmericandrama”.EugeneO'neill'sFamousQuotes■Thepastisthepresent,isn'tit?It'sthefuturetoo.■Aman'sworkisindangerofdeteriorati
3、ngwhenhethinkshehasfoundtheonebestformulafordoingit.Ifhethinksthat,heislikelytofeelthatallheneedsismerelytogoonrepeatinghimself...solongasapersonissearchingforbetterwaysofdoinghiswork,heisfairlysafe.■Whenmenmakegods,thereisnoGod!HisMajorWorks:DesireUndertheElms(19
4、24)MourningBecomesElectra(1931)TheIcemanCometh(1946)1920’sPulitzerPrizeforBeyondtheHorizon1921’sPulitzerPrizeforAnnaChristie1928’sPulitzerPrizeforStrangeInterlude1956’sfourthPulitzerPrizeposthumouslyforhisautobiographical,andtoanextent,darkestplayandhisapex,LongDa
5、y'sJourneyintoNight(1956)TheCharacteristicsofHisWorksa.Mostofhisworksaretragedies,dealingwiththebasicissuesofhumanexistenceandpredicament困境:lifeanddeath,illusionanddisillusion,alienationandcommunication,dreamandreality,selfandsociety,desireandfrustrationetc.b.Hisc
6、haractersintheplaysaredescribedasseekingmeaningandpurposeintheirlivesindifferentways,butallmeetdisappointmentanddespair.c.Asaplaywright,hehimselfwasconstantlywrestingwiththeseissuesandstrugglingwiththeperplexityaboutthetruthoflife.d.Hislanguage:hefrequentlywrotein
7、dialect,orspelledwordsinwayswhichindicateaparticularaccentormannerofspeech.Sometimes,makehisplaysdifficulttoread,butwhentheyarespokenaloud,thesensebecomesclearandthemeaningisamplifiedbytheaccent.Asaresultofhistragicviewoflife,hisworksintotalityindicatechaosandhope
8、lessness.Inthelate1930s,hewithdrewintoseclusion.Duringtheearly1940s,hesufferedfromanervousdiseasewhichpreventedhimfromcompletinghisgreatproject.Hereemer
