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1、第38卷第1期浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)Vol.38,No.12008年1月JournalofZhejiangUniversity(HumanitiesandSocialSciences)Jan.2008美何以成为道德善的象征?沈语冰(浙江大学国际文化学系,浙江杭州310028)[摘要]纯粹趣味判断的根据完全独立于趣味与道德的任何关联,事实上,趣味判断的根据问题已在“演绎论”中完成。这在一定程度上揭示了“第三批判”分离与关联的双重主题“:分离”是要将趣味判断从一般感官判断、认知判断与道德判断中
2、独立出来,进而实现趣味的自主“;关联”则是将已经得到充分论证的、自主的趣味,放在更大的启蒙语境(特别是康德的道德关切)中。所以,纯粹趣味判断的规范性奠基本身应当被视为趣味与道德之间的关联的第一步,而不是将道德视为趣味的合法化过程中的最后一步。[关键词]康德;美;道德善;象征HowCouldtheBeautifulBetheSymboloftheMorally2Good?ShenYubing(DepartmentofMediaandInternationalCulture,ZhejiangUnive
3、rsity,Hangzhou310028,China)Abstract:Thereisalong2termmisunderstandingwhichprevailsinthefieldofdomesticstudiesofKant’saesthetics.ScholarsinsistthatKanteitherbeapureformalistorbeamoralreductionist.TheytendtobelievethatKantregardsthebeautifulasaforminone
4、placeyetasmorally2goodinanother,whichisseeminglyself2contradictory.Thus,tounderstandKant’sthoughtabouttherelationshipbetweentasteandmoralitycorrectlyisthekeytoansweringthemajorquestionofwhetherKantisaformalistoramoralreductionist.Furthermore,itisthecr
5、ucialsteptogainaclearideaoftheentirestructureofwritingTheCritiqueofJudgment,especiallyofthequestionastowhyKantdidnotpresentthepropositionthatthebeautifulisthesymbolofthemorally2gooduntilhehadfinishedthedeductionofpureJudgmentsoftaste.Basedextensivelyo
6、ntheupdatedresearchfindingsfromtheinternationalKantacademiccircles,especiallythosefromsuchfamousscholarsasPaulGuyerandHenryAllison,thispapermaintainsthatthegroundofpurejudgmentoftasteistotallyindependentofitsrelationshipwithmorality.Indeed,theproblemo
7、fthegroundofjudgmentoftastehasalreadybeensolvedintheDeduction,whichrevealstosomeextentthedoublethemeofthethirdCritique—abstractionandrelation.AbstractionmeansthatKantwantstodifferentiatetastefromsensation,recognitionandmorality,andpresentshismostambit
8、iousargumentoftheautonomyoftaste,whilerelationmeansthatKantaimstoputtheautonomoustaste,nowbeenstronglyargued,onceagainbackintothecontextofenlightenment,especiallythatofhismoralconcerns.Thus,thegroundingofthenormativityofpurejudgmentoftaste[收稿日
