新编简明英语语言学Chapter10Languageacquisition

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1、Chapter10Languageacquisition语言习得知识点：1.*Definition:languageacquisition;overextention;telegraphicspeech2.*Theoriesofchildlanguageacquisition:behavioristview;innatistview;interactionistview3.Cognitivefactorsinchildlanguagedevelopment4.ThcCriticalPeriodHypothesis5卢

2、Stagesinchildlanguagedevelopment考核目标：识记：Definition:languageacquisition;overextention;telegraphicspeech领会：Cognitivefactorsinchildlanguagedevelopment;TheCriticalPeriodHypothesis;Stagesinchildlanguagedevelopment简单应用：Theoriesofchildlanguageacquisition:behavioristvi

3、ew;innatistview;interactionistview一、定义1・Languageacquisition语言习得——referstothechild'sacquisitionofhismothertongue,i.e.howthechildcomestounderstandandspeakthelanguageofhiscommunity.指儿童对其母语的习得，也就是儿童是如何逐渐理解和说其社区的语言。2.Over-extension过分延彳申：basedonboththeextensionofcate

4、gories['kaetig(a)riz](appleforallfruit)oranalogies(appleforanythinground)andtheextensionoffamilyresemblances(儿童称所有成人为daddy)•过分延伸是基于范畴或类比的延伸，和族相似的延伸。3.telegraphicspeech电扌艮式语言:aroundtheageoftwo,childrenbegintoproducetwowordutterances.Thiskindofspeechcontainsconte

5、ntwordswhichprovidelistenerswithsomeinformationandlackofthefunctionelements,orfunctionwordswhichbythemselvestellnothing.在两岁左右的时候，儿童开始发出两个词的话语・。这种语言包括给予我们信息，但缺乏功能成分的实词，或者其自身不能告诉我们任何东西的功能词。二、知识点10.2Theoriesofchildlanguageacquisition儿童语言习得的理论010.2.1Abehavioristvie

6、woflanguageacquisition[,sekwrziJ（e）n]行为主义者的语言习得观（代表人物：B.ESkinners）Traditionalbehavioristsviewlanguageasbehaviorandbelievethatlanguagelearningissimplyamatterofimitationandhabitformation.传统Cl勺彳亍为主意者把语言看作是行为，并冃相信语言学习仅仅是简单的模仿和习惯形成。Languageinputthelearnerimitation语言

7、输入学习者模仿：Stimulus刺激物（语言）organis有机体（学习者）response反应（模仿）Fourstepsforachildrentoacquire获得：Imitation模仿frepetition重复fhabituation熟练good（correct）/bad（error）Theinadequacyofbehavioristviewliesinexplaininghowchildrenacquirecomplexlanguagesystem.行为丄义观点的不足在于解释儿童语言获得复杂系统。010.

8、2.2Aninnatistviewoflanguageacquisition（byChomsky）语法天生主义者的语言学习观（内在主意观念）Accordingtotheinnatistviewoflanguageacquisition,humanbeingsarebiologicallyprogrammedforlanguageandthatt