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1、TheEarth'sAtmosphereUnlessit'srainingorthewindisblowing,wedon'tusuallypaymuchattentiontotheatmosphere,theblanketofairthatsurroundstheEarth.Yet,withouttheatmosphere,theEarthwouldbeadesolate(荒芜的)planetwithnosignsoflife!Theatmosphereplaysseveralrolesinhel
2、pingtomakelifepossible.First,theatmosphereprovidesthethreegasesnecessaryforlife:oxygen,nitrogen,andcarbondioxide.Allanimals,includingourselves,breatheoxygen.Nitrogenandcarbondioxidearebothneededforplantgrowth.Lessimportantatmosphericgasesincludeargon,n
3、eon,helium,andhydrogen.Second,theatmospherealsoprotectsusfrommostofthesun'shigh-energyultravioletlightrays,whichareharmfultolife.AlthoughtheseraysareonlyasmallpartofthesunlightstrikingtheEarth,theyareknowntobeverydangerous.However,99percentofallultravi
4、oletraysareabsorbedbeforetheyreachtheEarth'ssurface.Theyareabsorbedbyanatmosphericgas,calledozone,atypeofoxygengas.TheozonelayersurroundstheEarthbutismuchthinnerovertheNorthandSouthPolesthanoverotherregionsoftheEarth.Theonepercentoftheultravioletlighti
5、ntheatmospherethatdoesreachtheEarth'ssurfaceisknowntocausesunburnandisnowbelievedtoalsocauseskincancerinmanypeople.Becauseofthis,doctorsrecommendthatpeoplelimittheamountoftimetheyspendindirectsunlightandwearasuntanlotion(防晒油)thatblockstheultravioletray
6、swhentheydosunbathe.Finally,theatmospheregeneratesalltypesofweathersuchasclearblueskiesandstorms.Itactsasahugeenergymachine,changingsunlightintootherformsofenergysuchasheatandwind.Aspartofthisrole,theatmosphereregulatesthetemperatureontheEarth'ssurface
7、.Firstitallowsonly46percentofthesunlightstrikingittopassthroughandactuallyreachtheEarth'ssurface.Second,carbondioxidegasintheatmospherecontrolstheamountofwarmthontheEarth'ssurfacethatisallowedtoradiate(发散)backintospace.Bythesetwocontrollingdevices,thea
8、tmosphereregulatestheEarth'ssurfacetemperature.Choosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestions.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheozonelayerismuchthickeroverNorthAmericathanovertheNorthPole.B.Ozoneisatypeofanitrogengas.C.
