SWAT模型在斯里兰卡河流径流预测中的运用

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1、ApplicationoftheSWATModelforRiverFlowForecastinginSriLanka*H.A.PrasanthaHAPUARACHCHI1,LIZhijia1&FlugelAlbertWOLFGANG2(I:CollegeofWaterResourcesandEnvironment,IlohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,P.R.China;2:IntemationalWaterManagementInstitute,Battaramulla.SriLanka)Abstr

2、actInlhepresentstudy,theSWATmodelandtheXinanjiangmodelhavebeenusedfordailyflowforecastingoftheKaluRiveruppercatchmentinSriLanka.KaluRiveristhesecondlargestriverinSriLankaandduetoheavyrainfallsoverthecatchment,steepriverslopeswithnarrowvalleysintheuppercatchmentand

3、mildriverbedslopeswithwideandflatplainsinthemiddleandlowercatchments,theHoodsinKaluRiverbasinhavebecomeregula匚TheSWATmodelhasbeenusedfordailyriverflowpredictionsintheKaluRiver,andcomparedwiththeresultsobtainedusingtheXinanjiangmodel.Inthisstudy,theXinanjiangmodelh

4、asperformedslightlybetterthantheSWATmodelforforecastingthedailyflowofKaluRiver.Infactitmightbepartlyattributableduetothepoorqualityandinadequatedata,sincetheoutputoftheSWAT(distributedmodel)strictlydependsonthequalityofinputdata・Inaddition,manypeopleinSriLankausewe

5、llwaterfortheirdomesticpurposes・Whenconsideringacatchmentasawhole,normallyitisaverylargearea,andthereforeitisnotpossibletorecordorcountalltheindividualminorscalewaterutilizationsindetailsuchassmallirrigation,animalhusbandryinminorscaleandindustrialwaterutilizations

6、inminorscale・Thecumulativevalueofsuchwaterutilizationsmightbelarge・Theabsenceofthesedatamayspeciallyaffectthedistributedmodelsinwaterbalancing.Buttheconceptualwatershedmodels(e.g・Xinajiangmodel)arccapableofadjustingtheirparameterswhilecalibrating,accordingtothesitu

7、ationsincemostoftheirparametershavenophysicalbackground.Asaresultconceptualwatershedmodelsshowbetterperformaneethandistributedmodelswherethecatchmentcharacteristicsandmodelinputsarelimitedorincomplete.Keywords：Xinanjiangmodel,SWATmodel,conceptualwatershedmodels,di

8、stributedwatershedmodels,riverflowforecastingInthepresentstudy,theSWATmodel⑴andtheXinanjiangmodel[2'31havebeenusedfordailyriverflowforecastingoft