力学专业英语词组解释

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1、拉力tensileforce正应力normalstress切应力shearstress静水压力hydrostaticpressure集中力concentratedforce分布力distributedforce线性应力应变关系linearrelationshipbetweenstressandstrain弹性模量modulusofelasticity横向力lateralforcetransverseforce轴向力axialforce拉丿"力tensilestress压应力compressivest

2、ress平衡方程equilibriumequation静力学方程equationsofstatic比例极限proportionallimit丿卫力应变曲线stress-straincurve拉伸实验tensiletest'屈服应力yieldstress极限应力ultimatestress轴shaft梁beam纯剪切pureshear横截面积cross-sectionalarea挠度曲线deflectioncurve曲率半径radiusofcurvature曲率半径的倒数reciprocalofrad

3、iusofcurvature纵轴longitudinalaxis悬脅梁cantileverbeam简支梁simplysupportedbeam微分方程differentialequation惯性矩momentofinertia静矩staticmoment扭矩torquemoment弯矩bendingmoment弯矩对x的导数derivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox弯矩对x的一阶导数thesecondderivativeofbendingmomentwithres

4、pecttox静定梁staticallydeterminatebeam静不定梁staticallyindeterminatebeam相容方程compatibilityequation补充方程complementaryequation中性轴neutralaxis圆截面circularcrosssection两端作用扭矩twistedbycouplesattwoends刚体rigidbody扭转角twistangle静力等效staticallyequivalent相互垂直平面mutuallyperpen

5、dicularplanes通过截面形心throughthecentroidofthecrosssection一端餃支pinsupportatoneend—端固定fixedatoneend弯矩图bendingmomentdiagram剪力图shearforcediagram剪力突变abruptchangeinshearforce、旋转和平移rotationandtranslation虎克定律hook'slaw边界条件boundarycondition初始位置initialposition>力矩面积法m

6、oment-areamethod绕纵轴转动rotateaboutalongitudinalaxis横坐标abscissa扭转刚度torsionalrigidity拉伸刚度tensilerigidity剪应力的合力resultantofshearstress正应力的大小magnitudeofnormalstress脆性破坏brittlefail对称平面symmetryplane刚体的平衡equilibriumofrigidbody约束力constraintforce重力gravitationalfor

7、ce实际作用力actualforce三维力系three-dimentionalforcesystem合力矩resultantmoment标量方程scalarequation.矢量方程vectorequation张量方程tensorequation汇交力系cocurrentsystemofforces•r任意一点anarbitrarypoint合矢量resultantvector反作用力reactionforce反作用力偶reactioncouple转动约束restrictionagainstrota

8、tion平动约束restrictionagainsttranslation运动的趋势tendencyofmotion绕给定轴转动rotateaboutaspecificaxis沿一个方向运动moveinadirection控制方程controlequa共线力col)ineBrforces平面力系planarforcesystem一束光abeamoflight耒知反力unknownreactionforces参考框架frameofreference大小和方向magnit