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1、2019-2020年高中英语语法复习第十二讲定语从句讲练语法精讲在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。注意：1.关系代词在从句中做主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。2.关系代词who,which,that在限定性定语从句中做动词宾语或介词宾语，而该介词又位于从句末尾时，经常省略，但as一般不省that既可指人，又可指物，在定语从句中可做主语，宾语（可省略）Th
2、isisthefirstsumofmoney(that)thechildren’sfamilyhasreceived.Thisisnottheonlyapplethathasrottenaway.Whothatknowshimwouldbelievehim?He’schanged.He’snotthemanthathewas.I’llneverforgetthedaythat/whichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.下列情况下，往往在下面几种情况下只用that引导定语从句：A.先行词是不定代词：all,few,little,much,s
3、omething,nothing,anything等。例如：Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.B.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。例如：Thefirstlessonthatllearnedwillneverbeforgotten.C.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some修饰时。例如：lhavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.D.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。例如：Heistheonlypersonthatlwan
4、ttotalkto.E.先行词既有人又有物时。例如：Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.F.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句应用that,以免与先行词重复。Whoistheboythatwasherejustnow?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Which指物，在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语Thisisthehouse(that/which)hevisitedlastyearHepaidt
5、heboytendollarsforwashingtenwindows,mostofwhichhadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.Sheheardaterriblenoise,whichbroughtherheartintohermouth.CarolsaidtheworkcouldbedonebyOctober,whichpersonallyIdoubtverymuch.Isthisthemuseumwhichwevisitedlastyear?Thescienceofmedicine,inwhichprogresshasbeenvery
6、rapidlately,isperhapsthemostimportantofallthesciences.Isthisthehousewhichthegreatmusicianwasbornin?Shelikestousewordsofwhichthemeaningsarecleartohim.Thestoriesaboutthissecretperson,ofwhichthisisoneexample,arewidelyspreadamongpeople.Whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语;其先行词不仅可指人，还物;Whose在定语从句中与它所修饰
7、的名词一起可做介词宾语，还可以与介词放在先行词与从句之间;whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替whose，但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich例如：That’sthechildwhosedrawingwelookedatjustnow.ItwasameetingwhoseimportanceIdidn’trealizeatthetime.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackwithdisease.ThebossinwhosedepartmentMr.Kingworkedha
