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1、.word格式,外文资料原文DatabaseSystems1.IntroductiontoDatabaseSystemToday,morethanatanyprevioustime,thesuccessofanorganizationdependsonitsabilitytoacquireaccurateandtimelydataaboutitsoperation,tomanagethisdataeffectively,andtouseittoanalyzeandguideitsactivities.Phrasessuchastheinformationsuperhighwayha
2、vebecomeubiquitous,andinformationprocessingisarapidlygrowingmultibilliondollarindustry.Theamountofinformationavailabletousisliterallyexploding,andthevalueofdataasanorganizationalassetisbeingwidelyrecognized.Thisparadoxdrivestheneedforincreasinglypowerfulandflexibledatamanagementsystems.Adataba
3、seisacollectionofdata,typicallydescribingtheactivitiesofoneormorerelatedorganizations.Forexample,auniversitydatabasemightcontaininformationaboutthefollowing.●Entitiessuchasstudents,faculty,courses,andclassrooms.●Relationshipsbetweenentities,suchasstudents’enrollmentincourses,facultyteachingcou
4、rses,andtheuseofroomsforcourses.Adatabasemanagementsystem,orDBMS,issoftwaredesignedtoassistinmaintainingandutilizinglargecollectionsofdata,andtheneedforsuchsystems,aswellastheiruse,isgrowingrapidly.ThealternativetousingaDBMSistouseadhocapproachesthatdonotcarryoverfromoneapplicationtoanother,fo
5、rexample,tostorethedatainfilesandwrite,专业.专注..word格式,application-specificcodetomanageit.Theareaofdatabasemanagementsystemsisamicrocosmofcomputerscienceingeneral.Theissuesaddressedandthetechniquesusedspanawidespectrum,includinglanguages,object-orientationandotherprogrammingparadigms,compilation
6、,operatingsystemsconcurrentprogramming,datastructures,algorithms,theory,parallelanddistributedsystems,userinterfaces,expertsystemsandartificialintelligence,statisticaltechniques,anddynamicprogramming.Databasemanagementcontinuestogainimportanceasmoreandmoredataisbroughton-line,andmadeevermoreac
7、cessiblethroughcomputernetworking.Todaythefieldisbeingdrivenbyexcitingvisionssuchasmultimediadatabases,interactivevideo,digitallibraries,ahostofscientificprojectssuchasthehumangenomemappingeffortandNASA’sEarthObservationSystemproject,an
