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1、阅读理解分类题练习五Test1Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.Markyouranswersonyouranswersheet•TEXTAWhenolderpeoplecannolongerremembernamesatacocktailparty,theytend
2、tothinkthattheirbrainpowerisdeclining.Butagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatthisassumptionisoftenwrong•Instead,theresearchfindsztheagingbrainissimplytakinginmoredataandtryingtosiftthroughaclutterofinformation,oftentoitstong-termbenefit•Thestudiesareanalyzedinaneweditionofaneur
3、ologybook,nProgressinBrainResearch・"Somebrainsdodeterioratewithage・Alzheimer1sdisease,forexample,strikes13percentofAmericans65andolder•Butformostagingadults,theauthorssay,muchofwhatoccursisagraduallywideningfocusofattentionthatmakesitmoredifficulttolatchontojustonefact,likean
4、ameoratelephonenumber.Althoughthatcanbefrustrating,itisoftenuseful・nItmaybethatdistractibilityisnot,infact,abadthing,HsaidShelleyH.Carson,apsychologyresearcheratHarvardwhoseworkwascitedinthebook.nItmayincreasetheamountofinformationavailabletotheconsciousmind・”Forexample,instu
5、dieswheresubjectsareaskedtoreadpassagesthatareinterruptedwithunexpectedwordsorphrases,adults60andolderworkmuchmoreslowlythancollegestudents.Althoughthestudentsplowthroughthetextsataconsistentspeedregardlessofwhattheout-of-placewordsmean,olderpeopleslowdownevenmorewhenthewords
6、arerelatedtothetopicathand•Thatindicatesthattheyarenotjuststumblingovertheextrainformation,butaretakingitinandprocessingit•Whenbothgroupswerelateraskedquestionsforwhichtheout-of-placewordsmightbeanswers,theolderadultsrespondedmuchbetterthanthestudents・nFortheyoungpeople,it1sa
7、sifthedistractionneverhappened,11saidanauthorofthereview,LynnHasher,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofTorontoandaseniorscientistattheRotmanResearchInstitute.HButforolderadults,becausethey1veretainedallthisextradata,they!renowsuddenlythebetterproblemsolvers•Theycantransfe
8、rtheinformationthey1vesoakedupfromonesituationtoanother・"Suchtendenc
