自考《外语教学法》课后习题答案文档

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1、ChapterThreeTheDirectMethod1.Howdoyouunderstandtheconceptof“direct”intheDirectMethod?TheDirectMethodassumesthatmeaningsofthetargetlanguageshouldbeconnecteddirectlywithphysicalworld:itsactions,objections,persons,situations,etc.Withouttranslatingorreferringtothelearners'mothertongue・Onlythetar

2、getlanguageshouldbeusedintheclassroomsincommunicatingmeanings・Foreignlanguagelearningshouldfollowthenatureprocessofthefirstlanguageacquisitionwhereadirectassociationbetweenlanguageformsandmeaningsisestablished・2.WhatlanguageskillsareemphasizedbytheDirectMethod?Listeningandspeakingskillsareem

3、phasized,thoughtheteachingofallfourskillsisnotneglected.Regardinglisteningandspeakingasthebasisofreadingandwritingisstrategicinfosteringthefourskills・DesigninglisteningcomprehensiontasksisoneofthewaystoestablishfavorableclassroomclimateintheDirectMethod・Itmainlyusessuchtechniquesasquestionan

4、danswer,dictationandconversationpractice・Specialattentionpaidtopronunciationandintonationisdesirableinteachingspokenlanguage・Readingandwritingexercisesshouldbebaseduponwhatthestudentshavepracticedorallyfirst.3.Whatareasoflanguageareconsideredmoreimportant?Oralpracticeinthetargetlanguageisoft

5、enusedintheDirectMethodclassrooms・Speechpatternsandstructures,ratherthangrammars,areconsideredfundamentalsincethespokenlanguagecameintobeingbeforethewrittenlanguage.Thesentenceisregardedasamoreusefulunitoflanguageinstructionthanwords・Betweenvocabularyandgrammar,theformercomesbeforethelatter.

6、4.HowshouldlanguagerulesbelearnedaccordingtotheDirectMethod?Languagerulesarelearnedinductivelythroughlisteningandspeakingactivities・Theteacherssetupafewcarefullychosenillustrationsofaruleandleadstudentstodiscovertherelationshipofthenewelementstootherpreviouslearnedandformulatetheirobservatio

7、nsintotherulegoverningthoseexamples・Inotherwords,studentshavetoinducegrammaticalrulesfromtheexamplesinthetext.Alanguagecouldbebestlearnedbybeingusedactivelyintheclassroom.5.WhyisfirstlanguageforbiddeninaDirectMethodclassroom?TheDirectMethodologists