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1、Summary3ofEnglishLiteratureCriticalRealism:TheVictorianPeriodBackgroundinformation:•ChronologicallytheVictorianperiodroughlycoincideswiththereignofQueenVictoriawhoruledoverEnglandfrom1836to1901.TheperiodhasbeengenerallyregardedasoneofthemostgloriousintheEnglishhistory.•Victorianliteratu
2、re,asaproductofitsage,naturallytookonitsqualityofmagnitudeanddiversity.Itwasmany-sidedandcomplex,andreflectedbothromanticallyandrealisticallythegreatchangesthatweregoingoninpeople’slifeandthought.Greatwritersandgreatworksabounded.•Inthisperiod,thenovelbecamethemostwidelyreadandthemostvi
3、talandchallengingexpressionofprogressivethought.•AmongthefamousnovelistsofthetimewerethecriticalrealistslikeCharlesDickens,WilliamMakepeaceThackeray,CharlotteBronté,EmilyBronté,andMrs.Gaskell.•Whilestickingtotheprincipleoffaithfulrepresentationoftheeighteenth-centuryrealistnovel,theycar
4、riedtheirdutyforwardtothecriticismofthesocietyandthedefenceofthemass.Theywereallconcernedaboutthefateofthecommonpeople.NovelsinTheVictorianPeriod•InthelastfewdecadesoftheVictorianperiod,therewerealsoGeorgeEliot,thepioneeringwomanwho,accordingtoD.H.Lawrence,wasthefirstnovelistthat“starte
5、dputtingalltheactionsinside,”andThomasHardy,thatWessexman,whonotonlycontinuedtoexposeandcriticizeallsortsofsocialiniquities,butfinallycametoquestionandattacktheVictorianconventionsandmorals.CharlesDickens•thegreatestcriticalrealistwritersoftheVictorianAge•Inhisworks,Dickenssetsoutafullm
6、apandalarge-scalecriticismofthenineteenthcenturyEngland,particularlyLondon.•Hisbest-depictedcharactersarethoseinnocentandhelplesschildcharacters•Representativeworks:•PickwickPapers《匹克威克外传》•ATaleofTwoCities《双城计》•OliverTwist《雾都孤儿》•HardTimes《艰难时事》•DavidCopperfield《大卫·科波菲尔》•DombeyandSon《董贝父
7、子》•GreatExpectations《远大前程》•BleakHouse《荒凉山庄》6TheBrontéSisters•ThestoryofthethreeBrontésisters,Charlotte(1816~55),Emily(1818~48)andAnne(1818~49),allliterary,alltalentedandalldyingyoung,isoneofthesaddestpagesinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.•CharlotteBronté:•TheProfessor《教授》JaneEyr
