浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题1 类型8 社会生活（含解析）

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1、类型8

2、社会生活考查要点方法技巧1.社会生活中所遇到的各种机遇和挑战。2．迎接机遇或挑战的观点和态度。3．处理或解决问题的方式、方法。4．人们工作、生活、社交的方式及其影响。1.明确文章的体裁，把握文章的结构。2．运用归纳概括等方法得出文章的主题。3．明确事情的前因后果，找出问题的解决办法。4．抓住诸多细节，推知文章的寓意。(2017·浙江温州4月模拟)OnFriday，March13，28yearoldGenovesewasreturninghomefromwork.Approachinghe

3、rapartment，shewasattackedbyaman.Thoughsherepeatedlycalledforhelp，noneofthepeopleintheneighborhoodhelped.Theattackbeganat3：20am，butitwasnotuntil3：50amthatsomeonefirstcalledthepolice.Thisisamosttypicalexampleofthebystandereffectinpsychology.Thetermbyst

4、andereffectreferstothephenomenoninwhichthegreaterthenumberofpeoplepresentis，thelesslikelypeoplearetohelpapersoninneed.Twomajorfactorscontributetothebystandereffect.First，thepresenceofotherpeoplecreatesdiffusion(分散)ofresponsibility.Withotherobserversa

5、round，individuals(个体)donotfeelmuchpressuretotakeaction，sincetheresponsibilitytotakeactionisthoughttobesharedamongthosepresent.Thesecondreasonistheneedtobehaveincorrectandsociallyacceptableways.Whenotherobserversfailtoreact，individualsoftentakethisasa

6、signalthataresponseisnotneeded.Researchershavefoundthatonlookersarelesslikelytoactifthesituationisambiguous，wherethingsareoftenconfusingandnotsoclear.Sowhatcanyoudotoavoidfallingintothistrap?Psychologistssuggestthatsimplybeingawareofthistendencyisthe

7、greatestwaytobreakthecycle.Whenyoufaceasituationthatrequiresaction，youshouldunderstandthebystandereffectandconsciously(有意识地)takeaction.Butwhatifyouarethepersoninneedofassistance?Oneoftenrecommendedapproachistosingleoutonepersonfromthecrowd.Makeeyecon

8、tactandaskthatindividualspecificallyforhelp.Byindividualizingyourrequest，itbecomesmuchharderforpeopletoturnyoudown.24．ThestoryofGenoveseistoshow．A．thebystandereffectB．themurderer'scrueltyC．theneighbors'selfishnessD．thepoorpublicsecurity25．Onlookersfa

9、iltotakeactionbecausethesituationis．A．urgent　B．dangerousC．tenseD．vague26．Whatshouldyoudowhenyouneedhelpfrombystandersinanaccident?A．Makeapoliterequest.B．Turntoaspecificperson.C．Becomeawareofthetendency.D．Stayawayfrompossibledanger.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了