南航专业英语（复试）

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1、第一章机械工程材料Themechanicalengineeringmaterial晶体crystal非晶体noncrystal晶胞structurecell晶格常数latticeconstant晶格lattice（空间点阵spacelattice）金属键metallicbond体心立方晶格bodycenteredcubiclattice面心立方晶格facecenteredcubiclattice密排六方晶格close-packedhexagonallattice致密度density配位数coordinationnumber晶面crystalfa

2、ce晶向crystalorientation各向异性anisotropy晶向指数indicesofcrystallographicdirection晶向族Crystaltothefamily晶面指数indicesoflatticeplane晶面族familyofcrystalplanes多晶体polycrystal；multicrystal亚结构metastructure；substructure；单晶体monocrystal；monocrystalline晶粒crystallinegrain；graincrystal；grain；crysta

3、lparticle点缺陷pointdefect线缺陷linedefect面缺陷planardefect；planedefect空位void，vacancy间隙原子interstitialatom置换原子substitutionalatom位错dislocation刃型位错edgedislocation螺旋位错screwdislocations晶界crystalboundary；grainboundary亚晶界subgrainboundary相界phaseboundary；phaseboundaries晶格畸变latticedeformation

4、凝固solidification结晶crystallize；crystallization；fruit过冷supercooling过冷度degreeofsubcooling自由能freeenergy晶核crystalnucleus近程有序short-rangeorder长程有序longrangeorder枝晶arborescentcrystal；pine-treecrystal晶粒度grainsize变质处理modification附加振动additionalvibration金属铸锭metalingot细晶粒区Finegrainzone柱状晶

5、粒区Thecolumnargrainzone等轴状晶粒区Theequiaxedgrainzone形核率nucleationrate长大速率growthrate第二章组元constituent合金alloy相phase固溶体solidsolution置换固溶体substitutionalsolidsolutio间隙固溶体interstitialsolidsolution有限固溶体limitedsolidsolution无限固溶体Infinitesolidsolution固溶强化Solidsolutionstrengthening中间相Mesoph

6、ase金属间化合物Intermetalliccompound合金系Alloysystem相图Phasediagram自由度Degreesoffreedom相律Phaserule匀晶相图Isomorphousphasediagram平衡结晶Equilibriumcrystallization二元相图Binaryphasediagram杠杆定律Leverage'slaw枝晶偏析Dendriticsegregation共晶合金Eutecticalloy呀共晶合金Hypoeutecticalloy伪共晶Pseudo–eutectic比重偏析Gravit

7、ysegregation质量分数Massfraction包晶相图Peritecticphasediagram二元系合金相图BinaryAlloyPhaseDiagram相图分析PhaseDiagramAnalysis共晶转变Eutectictransformation共析转变Eutectoidtransformation偏晶转变Monotectic熔晶转变Meltingcrystallinetransition包晶转变Peritectic包析转变Peritectoidtransition合晶转变Symplectitetransition第三章铁

8、碳合金Iron-carbonalloy纯铁Pureiron渗碳体Cementite抗拉强度Tensilestrength屈服强度Yieldstreng