铁工专业毕业设计文献翻译

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1、HighwayTypesAllstatehighwaysystemsandmostofthelocalhighwayandstreetsystemsencompassseveraltypeorclassesofhighway.Atoneextremearehigh-speed,high-volumefacilitiescarryingthoughtraffic,withnoattemptmadetoserveabuttingpropertyorpurelylocaltraffic.Attheotherarelocalrural

2、roadsorstreetsthatcarrylowvolumes,sometimesatlowspeeds,andwithaprimaryfunctionoflandservice.Definitionsforthevarioustypesofhighways(andformanyotherhighwayterm)werepreparedin1968byan(then)AASHOSpecialcommitteeonNomenclature.ThesearepublishedasAASHOHighwayDefinitions.

3、someoftheseareasfollows:Expressway-Dividedarterialhighwayforthoughtrafficwithfullorpartialcontrolofaccessandgenerallywithgradeseparationsatmajorintersection.Freeway-Expresswaywithfullcontrolofaccess.Parkway-Arterialhighwayfornoncommercialtraffic,withfullorpartialcon

4、trolofaccess.andusuallylocatedwithinaparkoraribbonofparklikedevelopment.Controlofaccess–Conditionwheretherightofowneroroccupantsofabuttinglandorotherpersonstoaccess.light,air,orviewinconnectionwithahighwayisfullorpartiallycontrolledbypublicauthority.Fullcontrolofacc

5、essmeansthattheauthoritytocontrolaccessisexercisedtogivepreferencetothoughtrafficbyprovidingaccessconnectionswithselectedpublicroadsonlyandbyprohibitingcrossingsatgradeordirectprivatedrivewayconnections.Partialcontrolofaccessmeansthattheauthoritytocontrolaccessistog

6、ivepreferencetothoughtraffictodegreethat.inadditiontoaccessconnectionswithselectedpublicroads,theremanybesomecrossingsatgradeandsomeprivatedrivewayconnections.Theotherhighwaytypeslackthefeatureofaccesscontrol.theyinclude:Majorstreetormajorhighway–Arterialhighwaywith

7、inintersectionsatgradeanddirectaccesstoabuttingproperty,andonwhichgeometricdesignandtraffic–controlmeasuresareusedtoexpeditethesafemovementofthoughtraffic.Thoughstreetorthoughhighway–Everyhighwayorportionthereofonwhichvehiculartrafficisgivenpreferentialrightofway,an

8、dattheentrancestowhichvehiculartrafficfromintersectinghighwaysisrequiredbylawtoyieldrightofwaytovehiclesonsuchthroughhighwayinobediencetoe