国际支付与结算考试重点整理

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1、国际结算：1、swift的特点、具体情况提供的服务（第一章）答：定义：societyforworldwideinterbankfinancialtelecommunications,acomputerizedinternationaltelecommunicationssystemthat,throughstandardizedformattedmessages,rapidlyprocessesandtransmitsfinancialtransactionsandinformationamongits

2、membersaroundtheworld。特点：Quickandcheap;Secureandreliable;Standardizedforms.两种分类：FIN(FinancialApplication)IFT(InterbankFileTransfer)2、国际结算两个账户的含义；美元、欧元外汇清算体系特点（第二章）答：国际结算定义：Internationalpaymentsorinternationalsettlementsarefinancialactivitiesconductedamon

3、gdifferentcountriesinwhichpaymentsareeffectedorfundsaretransferredfromonecountrytoanotherinordertosettleaccounts,debts,etc.,emergedinthecourseofpolitical,economicorculturalcontactsamongthem.银行往来两个账户：nostroaccount:duefromaccount,theforeigncurrencyaccounto

4、famajorbankwiththeforeignbanksabroadtofacilitateinternationalpaymentsandsettlements.Vostroaccount:duetoaccount,theaccountheldbyabankonbehalfofacorrespondentbank.美元清算体系：FEDWIRE:afundtransfersystemoperatednationwideintheUSAbytheFederalReserveSystemtotransf

5、erfundsfromonefinancialinstitutiontoanotherwithanaccountbalanceheldwiththeFed.ProceduresofFedWire:Apayergivesaninstructiontoabankinwhichthepayerhasanavailablebalance;ThepayingbankpassesinstructionsontotheFedtomovevaluefromthebank’sreservebalanceaccountto

6、thereservebalanceaccountofanotherbankinwhichthepayeehasanaccount;TheFedcreditsthereserveaccountofthepayee’sbankanddebitsthereserveaccountofthepayer’sbank.TheFedWireprovidesaconfirmationnumbertothepayersothatthetransactioncanbetraced;Whenabankreceivesanin

7、comingwire,thereceivingfirmisgivennotificationthatvaluehasbeenreceived欧元清算系统：TARGET:Trans-EuropeAutomatedReal-timeGrossSettlementExpressTransferSystem,areal-timegrosssettlementsystemfortheEuro,whichiscomposedof15nationalRTGSsystems,theECBpaymentmechanism

8、andinterlinkingPurposesofTARGET:–toprovidethepaymentproceduresnecessaryforimplementingtheECB’ssinglemonetarypolicy;–topromotesoundandefficientpaymentmechanismsineuro。1、狭义票据的概念、特点（第三章）答：Definitions¡inthegeneralsense,documen