国际支付与结算答案

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1、第一章SWIFT通讯方式（全称，特点，提供的服务）全称：societyforworldwideinterbankfinancialtelecommunications,acomputerizedinternationaltelecommunicationssystemthat,throughstandardizedformattedmessages,rapidlyprocessesandtransmitsfinancialtransactionsandinformationamongitsmembersaroundtheworld提供的服务Servicesprovidedb

2、ySWIFT:–FIN(FinancialApplication)–IFT(InterbankFileTransfer)特点CharacteristicsofSWIFT:–Quickandcheap;–Secureandreliable;第二章来账，往账两个账户的情况nostroaccount:duefromaccount,theforeigncurrencyaccountofamajorbankwiththeforeignbanksabroadtofacilitateinternationalpaymentsandsettlements.Vostroaccount:due

3、toaccount,theaccountheldbyabankonbehalfofacorrespondentbank.FromthepointofviewofaChinesebank,anostroaccountisourbank’saccountinthebookofanoverseasbankdenominatedinforeigncurrency;andavostroaccountisanoverseasbank’saccountwithourbankdenominatedinRMB.两个外汇资金的清算体系（美元2个，欧元一个）Ⅰfundstransferrings

4、ysteminChinaIntra-citytransferbetweendifferentbanks;Intra-banktransferbetweendifferentcities;Inter-banktransfersbetweendifferentcities.ⅡUSDforeignexchangesystem:FEDWIRE:afundtransfersystemoperatednationwideintheUSAbytheFederalReserveSystemtotransferfundsfromonefinancialinstitutiontoanother

5、withanaccountbalanceheldwiththeFed.Real-timegrosssettlementsystem:usuallyoperatedbycentralbanks,inwhicheachpaymentorderissettledimmediatelyuponitsentryintothesysteminitsentire(gross)amount.CHIPS(ClearingHouseInterbankPaymentSystem):anettingsystemoperatedbytheNewYorkClearingHouseAssociation

6、.Anettingpaymentsystem:paymentordersdebitingtheaccountsofparticipantsarecollectedforacertaintimeperiod,andthenattheendofthattimethenetpositioniscalculatedandclearedforeachparticipantonthebasisofthepaymentorderssentandreceived.Advantagesofnettingpaymentsystem:lowerliquidityrequirementthatba

7、nksneedinordertosettlepaymentsofaspecificvalue(onlythedifferencebetweenthevalueofanindividualbank’sincomingandoutgoingpaymentsissettledbytransferringfunds);nettingsystemsaremoreefficientfromthepointofviewofthecommunicationsandprocessingcapacityemployed.Disadva