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1、培根OfStudies原文及三个汉译版本【原文】1）Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralco
2、unsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairscomebestfromthosethatarelearned.2）Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornamentisaffection;tomakejudgmentwhollybytheirrulesisthehumorofascholar.Theyperfectnatureandareperfectedbyexperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalpl
3、ants,thatneedpruningbystudy,andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedinbyexperience.3）Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem,fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwithoutthemandabovethem,wonbyobservation.Readnottocontrad
4、ictandconfuse;nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.4）Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatissomebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadywholly,andwithdiligencean
5、dattention.Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputyandextractsmadeofthembyothers;butthatwouldbeonlyinthelessimportantarguments,andthemeanersortofbooks;elsedistilledbooksare,likecommondistilledwaters,flashythings.5）Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Andtherefore,ifa
6、manwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle,hehadneedhaveapresentwit;andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemuchcunningtoseemtoknowthathedothnot.6）Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.Abeuntstudiai
7、nmores.Naythereisnostondorimpedimentinthewit,butmaybewroughtoutbyfitstudies:likeasdiseasesofthebodymayhaveappropriateexercises.Bowlingisgoodforthestoneandreins;shootingforthelungsandbreast;gentlewalkingforthestomach;ridingforthehead;andthelike.Soifaman’switbewandering,lethimstudyth
8、emathematics;forindemonstr
