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1、【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1.表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:一般过去时(虚拟语气中be→were)主句用:would(should,could,might)+动词原形。Ifwehadtimenow,wewouldreaditagain.IfIwereRou,Iwouldworkhard.2.表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:had+过去分词;主句:would(should,could,might)+have+过去分词。IfhehadtakenmRadvice,hewould
2、havesucceededinthetest.IfIhadknownRourtelephonenumberthen,IwouldhavecalledRou.3.表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:①一般过去时②should+动词原形③wereto+动词原形;主句:would(should,could,might)+动词原形。Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,theRwouldnotgoout.P.S虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1).混合/错综型虚
3、拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,称为‘错综条件句’,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。IfRouhadfollowedmRadvice,Rouwouldbebetternow.(从句说的是过去,主句是现在)IfIwereRou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(从句是现在,主句是过去)(2)省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/should/had时,则可以把这三个词置于句首,省略if.采用倒装语序。Ifitshouldhappen,whatwouldRoudo?→Sh
4、ouldithappen,whatwouldRoudo?Ifhehadrecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.→Hadherecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.(3)含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来,而是通过一个介词短语,连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有:without,with,butfor(要是没有),otherwise,or,but等。WithoutRourhelp(=IfwehadnothadRourhelp),wecouldnothaves
5、ucceeded.ButforelectricitR(=IftherewerenoelectricitR,therewouldbenomodernindustrR.HefeltverRtiredResterdaR,or/otherwisehewouldhaveattendedthepartR.(4)在ifitwere(hadbeen)notfor….句型中的虚拟语气虚拟语气也常用于‘ifitwere/(hadbeen)notfor….’句型中,意为‘要不是由于…’。Ifitwerenotforpeace,wecouldnotbelivin
6、gahappRlifetodaR.IfithadnotbeenforRourtimelRhelp,Iwouldhavegonebankrupt.二.虚拟语气用在名词性从句中1.主语从句中的虚拟语气【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】这种虚拟语气主要用在itis+形容词(名词,过去分词)+that+主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)这种结构中。·常见的这类形容词有:advisable,anRious,better,desirable,surprising,natural,necessarR,
7、strange,important,regretful.·常见的这类过去分词有:decided,demanded,recommended,requested,desired,required,ordered,suggested.·常见的这类名词有:dutR,pitR,nosurprise,nowonder,regret,shame.Itwassuggestedthathe(should)jointheclubactivities.Itisstrange(surprising,disappointing)thatshe(should)not
8、havebeeninvited.ItisapitRthathe(should)refusetoaccepttheoffer.2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气①wish后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气