国际商务课后习题参考答案

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1、Chapter1:Globalization1.Describetheshiftsintheworldeconomyoverthelast30years.WhataretheimplicationsoftheseshiftsforinternationalbusinessesbasedinGreatBritain?NorthAmerica?HongKong?Answer:Theworldeconomyhasshifteddramaticallyoverthepast30years.Aslatea

2、sthe1960s,fourstylizedfactsdescribedthedemographicsoftheglobaleconomy.ThefirstwasU.S.dominanceintheworldeconomyandworldtrade.ThesecondwasU.S.dominanceintheworldforeigndirectinvestmentpicture.Relatedtothis,thethirdfactwasthedominanceoflarge,multinatio

3、nalU.S.firmsintheinternationalbusinessscene.Thefourthwasthatroughlyhalfoftheglobe-thecentrallyplannedeconomiesoftheCommunistworld-wasoff-limitstoWesterninternationalbusinesses.Allofthesedemographicfactshavechanged.AlthoughtheU.S.remainstheworld'sdomi

4、nanteconomicpower,itsshareofworldoutputandworldexportshavedeclinedsignificantlysincethe1960s.ThistrenddoesnotreflecttroubleintheU.S.economy,butratherreflectsthegrowingindustrializationofdevelopingcountriessuchasChina,India,Indonesia,andSouthKorea.Thi

5、strendisalsoreflectedintheworldforeigndirectinvestmentpicture.AsdepictedinFigure1.2inthetextbook,theshareofworldoutput(orthestockofforeigndirectinvestment)generatedbydevelopingcountrieshasbeenonasteadyincreasesincethe1960s,whiletheshareofworldoutputg

6、eneratedbyrichindustrialcountrieshasbeenonasteadydecline.Shiftsintheworldeconomycanalsobeseenthroughtheshiftingpowerofmultinationalenterprises.Sincethe1960s,therehavebeentwonotabletrendsinthedemographicsofthemultinationalenterprise.Thefirsthasbeenthe

7、riseofnon-U.S.multinationals,particularlyJapanesemultinationals.Thesecondhasbeentheemergenceofagrowingnumberofsmallandmedium-sizedmultinationals,calledmini-multinationals.ThefallofCommunisminEasternEuropeandtherepublicsoftheformerSovietUnionhavebroug

8、htaboutthefinalshiftintheworldeconomy.ManyoftheformerCommunistnationsofEuropeandAsiaseemtoshareacommitmenttodemocraticpoliticsandfreemarketeconomies.SimilardevelopmentsarebeingobservedinLatinAmerica.Ifthesetrendscontinue,theopportunitiesforinternatio