《摘引注释参考文献》PPT课件

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1、Unit5摘引与注释参考文献Format（美国）现代语言协会格式（ModernLanguageAssociationStyle)MLA科研论文写作规范（5thedition.JasephGibaldi,上海外育教育出版社，2001）芝加哥手册格式（ChicagoManualStyle)美国心理学协会格式（AmericanPsychologicalAssociationStyle)APAAPA(AmericanPsychologicalAssociation)FormattingandStyleGu

2、ide.http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/printable/560/AmericanPsychologicalAssociationStyleAPA(AmericanPsychologicalAssociation)styleismostcommonlyusedtocitesourceswithinthesocialsciences.ParentheticalReferenceCitationsintext(thesourceofinformation)Refe

3、rencesAllsourcesthatarecitedinthetextmustappearinthereferencelistattheendofthethesis.WhenusingAPAformat,followtheauthor-datemethodofin-textcitation.QuotedirectlyQuoteindirectlyAccordingtoJones(1998),"StudentsoftenhaddifficultyusingAPAstyle,especiallyw

4、henitwastheirfirsttime"(p.199).Jones(1998)found"studentsoftenhaddifficultyusingAPAstyle"(p.199);whatimplicationsdoesthishaveforteachers?Shestated,"StudentsoftenhaddifficultyusingAPAstyle"(Jones,1998,p.199),butshedidnotofferanexplanationastowhy.Accordi

5、ngtoSmith(1973,p.13),'Whereconflictbetweendatabetweenmodalitiesoccurs,interpretationintermsofoneofthemodalitiesmaydominate'.Youcanalsodothis:AccordingtoSmith(1973),'Whereconflictbetweendatabetweenmodalitiesoccurs,interpretationintermsofoneofthemodalit

6、iesmaydominate'(p.13).直接引用a.直接摘引必须正确无误，对原文不可改动（甚至原文中的错误），但在不歪曲原文的前提下可省去一些词语或句子，如：“…personalexperience…mayentailmakingajudgmentaboutthecorrespondencebetweenthenewinformationandtheexperience…”(Widdowson,1999,p.342).（夹注放在句末、引号的后面，句号的前面）Cf.Politenessisaun

7、iversalphenomenon.“Itisoneoftheconstraintsonhumaninteraction,whosepurposeistoconsiderothers’feelings,establishlevelsofmutualcomfort,andpromoterapport”.(Hill,1986,p.349)Thoughpolitenessexistsineverylanguage,itiscultural-bound.Differentcultureshavediffe

8、rentcriteria.Pp.90-91[Sic]注意：英文标点符号后面有一空格(括号、前引号除外）采用“夹注”的方式（文中出现的夹注，一定要在参考文献中查到，即夹注和参考文献要一致。）夹注内容一般放在句末、引号后边、最后的标点前面。b.Longquotations摘引内容40words,orlonger要求左边缩进4个字母，右边不缩，下面每一行跟上面的对齐，隔行排印，不加引号。例如：Veblen(2000)suggests,Thedoghasadvantagesintheway