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1、ASurveyoftheOlympicGamesTheOlympicGamesareaninternationalmulti-sportevent2subdividedintosummerandwintergames.Theyareeachheldeveryfouryears.Until1992，theywerebothheldinthesameyear.Sincethen,theyhavebeenseparatedtwoyearsapart3.Therearemorethan20SummerOlymp
2、icssports,includingswimming,basketball,soccer,gymnastics,boxing,weight-lifting,yachting,cyclingandequestrianevents.Skiing,ice-skatingandicehockeyareamongthe7WinterGamesports.Acompetitormustbethecitizenofthecountryheorsherepresents.Nomorethanthreeentriesf
3、romanycountryarepermittedineachevent(4inthewintergames).Onlyoneteampercountryisallowedinateamsport4.TherearemanymythssurroundingtheoriginoftheancientOlympicGames.ThemostpopularlegenddescribesthatHeracles5wasthecreatoroftheOlympicGamesandbuilttheOlympicst
4、adiumandsurroundingbuildingsasanhonortohisfather,Zeusaftercompletinghis12labors6.Accordingtothatlegend,hewalkedinastraightlinefor400stridesandcalledthisdistancea“stadium"thatlateralsobecameadistancecalculationunit.Thisisalsowhyamodernstadiumis400metersin
5、circumferencelength(1stadium=400meters).Fromthenon，theOlympicGameswerequicklybecomingmoreandmoreimportantthroughoutancientGreece,reachingtheirzenithinthe6thand5thcenturiesBC.TheOlympicswereoffundamentalreligiousimportance,contestsalternatingwithsacrifice
6、sandceremonieshonoringbothZeus(whosecolossalstatuestoodatOlympia)，andPelops，divineheroandmythicalkingofOlympiafamousforhislegendarychariot7race，inwhosehonorthegameswereheld.Thenumberofeventsincreasedto20，andthecelebrationwasspreadoverseveraldays.Winnerso
7、ftheeventsweregreatlyadmiredandwereimmortalizedinpoemsandstatues8.TheGameswereheldeveryfouryears,andtheperiodbetweentwocelebrationsbecameknownasan“Olympiad"9.TheGreeksusedOlympiadsasoneoftheirmethodstocountyears.ThemostfamousOlympicathletelivedinthesetim
8、es:the6thcenturyBCwrestler,MiloCroton,istheonlyathleteinhistorytowinavictoryinsixOlympics.TheGamesgraduallydeclinedinimportanceaftertheRomansgainedpowerinGreece.AfterEmperorTheodosiusI10madeChristianitythereligionoftheEmpi
