生化词汇部分

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1、第三章酶5/5酶(enzyme)单体酶(monomericenzyme)5/5寡聚酶(oligomericenzyme)多酶体系(multienzymesystem)5/5多功能酶(multifunctionenzyme)串联酶(tandemenzyme)5/5单纯酶(simpleenzyme)结合酶(conjugatedenzyme)5/5酶蛋白(apoenzyme)辅助因子(cofactor)5/5全酶(holoenzyme)金属酶(metalloenzyme)5/5金属激活酶(metal-activatedenzyme)辅酶(coenzyme)5/5辅

2、基(prostheticgroup)必需基团(essentialgroup)5/5活性中心/部位(activecenter/site)结合基团(bindinggroup)5/5催化基团(catalyticgroup)同工酶(isoenzyme,isozyme)5/5乳酸脱氢酶(lactatedehydrogenase,LDH)肌酸激酶(creatinekinase,CK)5/5转换数(turnovernumber)专一性(specificity)5/5绝对特异性(absolutespecificity)相对特异性(relativespecificity)5/

3、5蛋白激酶(proteinkinase)共有序列(consensussequence)5/5过渡态(transitionstate)邻近效应(proximityeffect)5/5定向排列(orientationarrange)拓溶剂化(desovation)5/5表面效应(surfaceeffect)酸-碱催化作用(generalacid-basecatalysis)5/5共价催化作用(covalentcatalysis)亲核催化作用(nucleophiliccatalysis)5/5矩形双曲线(rectangularhyperbola)米氏方程式(Mic

4、haelisequation)5/5最大反应速率(maximumvelocity,Vmax)米氏常数(Michaelisconstant)5/5转换数(turnovernumber)双倒数作图法(doublereciprocalplot)5/5林-贝氏(Lineweaver-Burk)最适温度(optimumtemperature)5/5聚合酶链反应(polymerasechainreaction,PCR)5/5最适PH值(optimumPH)抑制剂(inhibitor)5/5不可逆性抑制剂(irreversibleinhibito)可逆性抑制剂(rever

5、sibleinhibito)5/5胆碱酯酶(cholineesterase)竞争性抑制作用(competitiveinhibition)5/5非竞争性抑制作用(non-competitiveinhibition)反竞争性抑制作用(uncompetitiveinhibition)5/5激活剂(activator)必需激活剂(essentialactivator)5/5非必需激活剂(non-essentialactivator)变构/调节部位(allosteric/regulatorysite)5/5变构调节(allostericregulation)变构/别构

6、酶(allostericenzyme)5/5变构效应剂(allostericeffector)变构激活剂(allostericactivator)5/5化学/共价修饰(chemical/covalentmodification)5/5变构抑制剂(allostericinhibitor)酶原(zymogent,proenzyme)5/5诱导作用(induction)阻遏作用(repression)5/5氧化还原酶类(oxdoreductases)转移酶类(transferases)5/5水解酶类(hydrolases)裂解酶类或裂合酶类(lyases)5/5异

7、构酶类(isomerases)合成酶类(synthetases)5/5系统名称(systematicname)推荐名称(recommendedname)5/5酶联免疫测定法(enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent,ELISA)5/5酶偶联测定法(enzymecoupledassays)报告酶(reporterenzyme)5/5固定化酶(immobilizedenzyme)抗体酶(abzyme)5/5第四章糖代谢5/5单糖(monosaccharide)葡萄糖(glucose)5/5果糖(fructose)半乳糖(galactose)5/5甘露

8、糖(mannose)蛋白聚糖(proteoglyca