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1、GUNKELIsraelAnr*BabylonBS1180D5G8ISRAELANDBABYLONINFLUENCEOFBABY1THERELIGIONOFISRAELHERMANGUNKEL,D.D.AWU8TAHTPKOFXSBOR6TAMEKVEH8ITTTHi1ENGLISHTRANSLATIONBYPHILADELPHIAJOHNJOBM^/ISRAELANDBABYLONTHEINFLUENCEOFBABYLONONTHERELIGIONOFISRAEL[AREPLYTODELITZSCH]HERMANGTJNKEL,D.D.ASSISTANTPROFESSOROFOLDTESTA
2、MENTTHEOLOGYINTHBUNIVERSITYOFBERLINENGLISHTRANSLATIONBYE.S.B.PHILADELPHIAJOHNJOS.McVEY1904COPYRIGHT,1904JOHNJ.McVEY.PREFACEForpresentingtotheEnglish-speakingpublicthis"translationanexplanationisscarcelynecessary.SincethedaysofFerdinandChristianBaurnotheologicalcontroversyhassoagitatedGermanyashasthi
3、spresentquestionastotherelationbetweentheOldTestamentandthetraditionsofBabylon.OpenedonJanuary13th,1902,bythenowfamouslecturebeforetheEm-peror,thestrugglehasragedandisragingyetwithafuryofalmostunparalledviolence.Theliteratureonthesubjecthasbecomesovoluminousastoformalmost,libraryinitself.Prof.Delitz
4、schcitessometwentytitlesintheappendixtothesecondeditionofhisfirst-lecturebutthesearebutamodicumofthewhole.InoneregardespeciallythepresentsituationmaybeparalleledwiththeBaurcontroversy.Nearlyeverypersonwhocouldcontrivetoprintortohaveprintedhisviewsonthesubjecthasdonesoand,inconsequence,byfarthegreate
5、rpartofthepamphletsandarticlesthathaveappeareddisplayalackofproperinforma-tionriottosay,learning.Thatareplyshouldbeineomemeasureaswellinformedastheattackisaprin-ciplethathasbeendisregardedintoomanyinstances,andsuchadisregardmerelyassistsinweakeningtheoausedefended.Nonetheless,manyscientistsandtheolo
6、giansofnote3iaveappearedonbothsides,suchnamesasBudde,(3)4PREFACEJensen,Konig,Jeremias,HommelandKittelareasufficientevidenceofthatfact.Butevenmuchoftheircontributiontothediscussionhasbeenirrelevant,andmuchenergyhasbeenwastedfruitlesslyinattemptingtooverthrowDelitzschonhisownground.AsanAssyriologisthi
7、sworkcanscarcelybequestioned.Theproperquestionis:DohisresultsinAssyriologicalstudyformasufficientbasisforhisconclusionsintheology?Notthatthishasbeenoverlookedbyanymeanscf.Budde,especiallybuttheneedwas
