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1、A"symbol"isanything,amark,sign,letterorshortword,usedtorepresentathing,orgroupofsynonymousconcepts.-Symbolsshouldbeclearandunambiguous-Preparesymbolsinadvance,don'timprovisemid-speechandsavemuchheart-ache.-Consistent.If"E"is"energy"today,thenletitstayth
2、atway.Findanothersymbolfor"environment"Thesymbolshererepresentnotonlythewordwrittenalongsidethembutratherallsynonymousideas,theexactversionofwhichwillbecleartoyouinthecontextofthespeechyouareinterpreting.So"change"mightbe"reform"or"alter"dependingonthec
3、ontext-youwillremember.Youdon'tneedasymbolforeachword. consequences developmentrelations agricultureagreement environmentrole energysuccess tradeproblem politicsrepression democracyimpact workcountry moneymeeting inflationindustry deficit surpluslookf
4、orwardto changewantto needknow continuedecide joinpropose listen/hearleadto,cause saypromise attackagree thanksontheonehand always (toujoursinFrench)...ontheotherhand untilonbehalfof fromthattimeonasopposedto beforerecently morethan/lessthanall anynow
5、 similar endstart ORGANICSYMBOLS就是一个符号做“根”扩展成一系列相关的符号。 最简单的就是把一个符号加下划线来表示加重语气,强调等。如:big(大).....big(verybig很大,非常大,特别大……)你也可以用划双横线、波浪线、点线来区分不同程度。动词时态: workwork gwork
6、
7、 work
8、 wôrkworkingworkedwillworkwouldwork词尾:calnational(adjective)callyNationallyc
9、zetonationalizectnnationalisationconational(noun),citizenßreturn,comeback,reverse,regressärise,increase,grow,climbetc.æfall,decline,slide,slip,drop,shrink,Ûexchange,relations,àleadto,consequenceof,thereforeNcontinue,O…Jpleased.Lannoyed,unhappy,unimpress
10、ed,etc.Lveryunhappy,disgusted,etcÕtothinkōtoknow,(forme,thestraightlinedenotescertainty,incomparisontothesquigglylinefor“tothink”.)圆圈放在右上角可表示“人”calnational(adjective) cocitizeneconEconomyeconoeconomistEEnergy EoEnergyexpert/supplierpPolicypopolitician∩t
11、hat,which ∩owho 圆圈放在右下角可表示“地方”