1、[知识要点梳理]一、英语句子按用途可分为四类：1、陈述句：用来说明事实或说话人的看法，包括肯定句和否定句。如：He is a doctor.I didn’t go to school yesterday.2、祈使句：用来表示请求、命令。 如：Be quiet！ Don’t play with fire！3、问句：用来提出问题。包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。如：Do you like English？What time is it?Does he like playing football or playing basketball?The
2、y went out,didn’t they？4、感叹句：用来表达强烈的感情。如：What a fine day it is！ How beautiful！二、用法讲析：1、陈述句：中考出题一般是将肯定句变为否定句。几种常见形式：(1)含有谓语动词be，变否定时，be后加not即be not……I am a teacher→I am not a teacher.There are some books→There are not any books.(2)句子谓语动词是实义动词(如：work live)时，要用助动词do/do
3、es/did+not+动词原形。如：They like swimming→They don’t like swimming.Icame late→I didn’t come late(3)句中含有all，both的句子，变完全否定时，要将all→none,both→neither,both…and…→neither…nor…要注意谓语动词的变化。如：All of us watched the TV→None of us watched theTV.Bothofthemarestudents.→Neitherofthemis a student.Both Tom and J
4、ohn have done the homework.→Neither Tom nor John has done the homework.(4)现在完成时、过去完成时态的句子变否定时变为have/has+not+done或had+not+done (5)had better do something变否定时为had better not do…如：You’d better have a rest→You’d better not have a rest.2、疑问句：（1）一般疑问句：一般指用Yes或No回答的疑问句。I Tom at home？ Yes, h
5、e is./No, he isn’t.Can you swim？ Yes,I can./No,I can’t.Have they been to Beijing？ Yes,they have./No, they haven’t.（2）特殊疑问句：是以疑问词开头的疑问句。常用疑问词what，where，who，how，what time，how long等其结构：疑问词+一般疑问句？要注意使用一般疑问句的语序。.My name is Mary→What is your name？I usually get up at6:30→When do you get up？注意：疑
6、问词作主语或作主语的定语时，语序不变即疑问词（疑问词+被修饰词）+动词+其他？Han Mei is on duty Today.→Who is on duty today？My ruler is blue.→Whose ruler is blue？还应注意：特殊疑问句不能用Yes或No回答，应问什么答什么。（3）选择疑问句：提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种。这种疑问句叫选择疑问句。其结构：“一般疑问句+or+其他？”Is her brother a doctor↗or a↘teacher? 前升后降Shall we go to thecinema on↗Satu
7、rday or on↘Sunday？注意：回答时不用Yes或No，直接回答（根据事实回答）。如：—Does he like English or Chinese？—He likes Chinese.（4）反意疑问句：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，是在陈述句之后，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出的疑问。其基本结构有两种：一是“肯定陈述句+简略否定问句”；二是“否定陈述句+简略肯定问句”。反意疑问句的前后两部分在时态、人称和数上都要保持一致。如：It looks like rain，doesn’t it？He doesn't need to
