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1、领导面对的挑战与跨越社会认同边界的策略以6个国家为例摘要:在当今世界,全球互相联系、变化多端的格局中,我们面临着一个重要的挑战,即如何有效领导不同种族、宗教、性别和文化的群体。利用社会认同理论和社会类化理论(TurnerandGiles,1981;AshforthandMael,1989),本文探究了领导在处理不同社会认同团体时所面临的特殊挑战,并列举了在工作中跨越社会认同边界的领导策略。我们主要关注跨越边界领导(跨越团体间界限和分隔的领导力)的机遇和挑战。为此,我们整合了有关社会认同的文献和从六个国家(新加坡、印度、香港特别行政区、以色列,南非和美国)的营利性组织和非营利性组织中收集的资料
2、。基于这些资料,我们提出了四种跨越边界的策略:中止、重构、嵌套和迂回。利用这四种策略,领导者可以有效跨越阻碍不同群体完成共同工作的边界。同时,我们探讨了这些策略相结合的例证,以及跨越边界领导在促进组织和社会积极变革中所发挥的桥梁作用。关键词:领导,社会认同,边界跨越LeadershipChallengesandTacticstoBridgeSocialIdentityBoundaries:EvidencefromSixCountriesABSTRACT:Inagloballyinterconnectedanddiverseworld,amajorchallengeistheneedforef
3、fectiveleadershipacrossgroupsofpeopleofdifferentracial,religious,gender,ethnic,andculturalidentity.Drawingonsocialidentityandsocialcategorizationtheory(TurnerandGiles,1981;AshforthandMael,1989),ourpaperexplorestheuniquechallengesfacedbyleadersinworkingacrosssocialidentitygroupsandtheevidenceofleade
4、rshiptacticsforbridgingsocialidentityboundariesintheworkplace.Inparticular,wefocusonthechallengesandopportunitiesforboundaryspanningleadership・leadershipthatbridgesboundariesanddividesbetweengroups.Todeveloptheseinsights,weintegratethesocialidentityliteraturewithdatacollectedfromfor-profitandnon-pr
5、ofitorganizationsinsixcountries-Singapore,India,HongKongSAR,Israel,SouthAfrica,andtheUnitedStates.Drawingonexamplesfromthedata,wedescribefourboundaryspanningtactics-suspending,reframing,nesting,andweaving・thatleaderscanusetoeffectivelybridgetheboundariesthatkeepgroupsofpeoplefromaccomplishingshared
6、work.WealsoexploreevidenceofthesetacticsincombinationandtheoverarchingroleofboundaryspanningleadershipasaleverforpositiveorganizationalandsocietalchangeKeywords:Leadership,SocialIdentity,BoundarySpanningIntroductionInadiverseandgloballyinterconnectedworld,amajorleadershipchallengewillbethefacilitat
7、ionofsharedworkacrossgroupsofpeoplewithverydifferenthistories,perspectives,values,andcultures.Thisisparticularlytrueintheworkplace.Asaresultoftechnologicaladvances,shiftingsocialstructures,andevolvingorgani