高考复习之定语从句

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1、定语从句考点透视基本概念：一个句子充当定语称之为定语从句。被修饰限定的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。定语从句可分为两种，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。关系词关系代词关系副词thatwhichwhowhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy从句中的成分指代对象人/物物/句子人人人/物人/物/句子主语/宾语主语/宾语主语/宾语宾语定语主语/宾语时间地点原因时间状语地点状语原因状语选择依据：1）弄清关系词在从句中作什么成分，是主语、宾语、定语还是状语2）辨别先行词表示的是人、物、事还是时间、地点、原因3）判断从句是限制性的还是非

2、限制性的(只有that,why不能引导非限制性从句)考点一：关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that?Iwilltellhimallthatyoutoldmeattheball.Heaskedaboutthefactoriesandworkersthathevisited.Theonlythingthatwecoulddowastowait.ThisisthebestTVthatismadeinChina.Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor?考点一：关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换

3、，但哪些情况只能用that?A.先行词(指物)本身是不定代词或先行词被不定代词修饰B.先行词兼有指人和指物的名词C.先行词(指物)被thevery,theonly,thenext,thelast等修饰D.先行词(指物)被形容词最高级和序数词修饰E.当主句是which/who引导的特殊疑问句考点二：有哪些情况关系代词不用that，而用which，who，whom?1.Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_________madehisparentsveryangry.2.Mr.Smith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsa

4、go,willcomeagain.3.Thisistheringon______shespent1000dollars.4.XiaoWang,with______Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyedhimselfverymuch.whichwhichwhomwho1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom2、在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom考点三：在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用介词?1.Thegirl_____whomhehadfoughtallhislifenol

5、ongerseemedimportanttohim.2.Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.3.Hereferredtosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.方法1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配foronwithfightfor为……而奋斗dependon依赖；依靠befamiliarwith对……熟悉方法2.根据语境句意，确定合适的介词1.Hemadeaholeinthewall,________whichhecouldseewhatwasgoingonou

6、tsidethehouse.2.Thisisourclassroom,_______________whichistheteacher’sdesk.3.Iamlookingformyglasses,_________whichIcan’twatchTV.throughinthefrontofwithout方法3.根据先行词和介词的搭配习惯1.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgoodbyetome.2.Icanstillrememberthefarm_____whichwespenttwoyearstogetherwhen

7、wewereyoung.onon考点四：名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom知多少?1.Thecommitteeconsistsof20membersand5ofthemarewomen.2.Thebookcontains50poems,andmostofthemwerewrittenin1930s.3.Ihaveasentence,andIdon’tunderstandthemeaningofit.名词/代词/数词+of表示物用which表示人用whom…,5ofwhomarewomen.,mostofwhichwerewrittenin1930s.,t

8、hemea