船舶专业英语Lesson2

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1、Definitions,PrincipalDimensionsLesson2bow:船舗；stem:船旎;superstructure:上层建筑mainhull:主船体keel:毗龙骨principaldimcnsions:主尺度navalarrhitectUTB造船(工程)学lengthbetweenperpendiculars(Lbp)：垂线间长；summerloadwaterline:夏季载巫水线fbiwardAfterperpendicuJar：首/尾垂线；rudderpost:舵柱；stem

2、:艄柱；stern：船尾rudderpintie:舵销Beforestudyingindetailthevarioustechnicalbranchesofnavalarchitectureitisimportanttodefinevarioustermswhichwillbemadeuseofinlaterchapters.Thepurposeofthischapteristoexplainthesetermsandtofamiliarizethereaderwiththem.在详细地研究造船学的各

3、门学科之前，要对以后几章中用到的术语作出定义,这是很有必要的。木章的H的在于解释这些术语，并使读者熟悉它们。Inthefirstplacethedimensionsbywhichthesizeofashipismeasuredwillbeconsidered;theyarereferredtoas"principaldimensions^.Theship,likeanysolidbody,requiresthreedimensionstodefineitssize,andthesearealength

4、,abreadthandadepth・Eachofthesewillbeconsideredinturn.首先考虑的是衡量船舶人小的尺度，称它们为“主尺度覽船舶和其他物体--样也需要三个尺度来确定涪笙。闯為15•愆⑸睢？下面依次对它们进行讨论。PrincipaldimensionLengthTherearevariouswaysofdefiningthelengthofaship,butfirstthelengthbetweenperpendicularswillbeconsidered・Thelen

5、gthbetweenperpendicularsisthedistancemeasuredparalleltothebaseatthelevelofthesummerloadwaterlinefromtheafterperpendiculartotheforwardperpendicular.定义船长的方法虽有各种各样，但首先考虑的是垂线间长。主尺度船长垂线间长是指在夏季载重水线处，平行于基线，从尾垂线到首垂线所量得的距离。Theafterperpendicularistakenastheafters

6、ideoftherudderpost(舵柱)wherethereissuchapost,andtheforwardperpendicularistheverticallinedrawnthroughtheintersectionofthestemwiththesummerloadwaterline.具有舵拄的船，把舵拄后缘作为尾垂线。首垂线是通过首拄和夏季载重水线的交点而作出的垂线；Inshipswherethereisnorudderposttheafterperpendicularistakena

7、sthelinepassingthroughthecenterlineoftherudderpintles.若无舵拄，则把通过舵销屮心线的这一直线取为尾垂线。lengthoverall(Loa):总长；overhang:(水线以上)悬伸部分;bulbousbow:球鼻首lengthonthewaterline:(Lw1)水线长amidships:船中；brcadthmouldcd:型宽Thelengthbetweenperpendiculars(LBP)isusedforcalculationpurp

8、osesaswillbeseenlater,butitdoesnotrepresentthegreatestlengthoftheship.垂线间长(LBP)是供计算用的，这一点在以后将会看到。但它并不是船舶的最大长度。Formanypurposes,suchasthedockingoftheship,itisnecessarytoknowwhatthegreatestlengthoftheshipis.基于很多原因（例如船舶进坞等），人们需要知道船舶的