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1、Part1terms1.valuenetwork:价值网络Valuenetworkisasystemofpartnershipsandalliancesthatafirmcreatestosource,augment,anddeliveritsoffering.2marketingchannels:营销渠道(distributionchannel:分销渠道)marketingchannels(alsocalledtradeordistributionchannels),setsofinterdependent(相互联
2、系)[jnto(:)djpendont]organizationsinvolvedintheprocessofmakingaproductorserviceavailableforuseorconsumption.它是产品或者服务在投入使川或者消费的过程中涉及到的一系列相互联系得组织。3.channellevel:渠道层次directselling:直接销售Azero-levelchannel(alsocalledadirect-marketingchannel)consistsofamanufactureseili
3、ngdirectlytothefinalcustomerthroughInternetseiling,door-to-doorsales,homeparties,mai1order,telemarketing,TVseiling,andothermethods.零级渠道也成为直接营销渠道是指生产商通过互联网销售、上门推销、家庭聚会、邮寄、电话销伟、电视肓销和其他方式肓接将产品销伟给消费者Aone-levelchannelcontainsonesellingintermediaries,suchasaretailer.
4、一级渠道包括一个销伟中介。如零售商。Atwo-levelchannelcontainstwointermediaries;二级渠道包含两个中介机构,athree-levelchannelcontainsthree三级渠道包括三个屮介机构。4.pushversuspullstrategy:推拉策略Inapushstrategy,themanufactureusesitssalesforceandtradepromotiontoinduceintermediariestocarry,andselltheproduct.在
5、推式战略中,生产商利用销售人员和贸易推广,诱使中间商承接、推广和销售产站。Inapullstrategy,themanufactureusesadvertisingandpromotiontoinduceconsumerstoaskintermediariesfortheproduct.在拉式战略中,生产商利丿1J广告和促销,诱使顾客向中间商去买产品。5.intensityofdistribution:分销密度exclusive【!紳_011:印"]distribution:独家分销:Exclusivedistrib
6、utionmeansseverely1imitingthenumberofintermediaries。独家分销是指严格地限制中间商的数卓selectivedistribution:选择性分销:Selectivedistributioninvolvestheuseofmorethanafewbutlessthanal1oftheintermediarieswhoarewi1lingtocarryaparticularproduct.选择型分销是指在同一冃标市场上,选择某些中间商而不是所冇合作意图的中间商销售企业产品。
7、intensivedistribution:密集性分销:Intensivedistributionconsistsofthemanufacturerplacingthegoodsorservicesinasmanyoutletsaspossible・密集型分销指生产谢同时选择尽町能多的中间商销售自己的产品或服务。6.VMS:verticaltVO:tlklol]marketingsystem垂直营销系统Channolcaptain:渠道领导人AVMScomprisestheproducer,wholesaler(s)
8、,andretai1ersactingasaunifiedsystem.由住产者、批发商和零售商组成的统一系统。Aconventional[klonvenfanl]marketingchannelcomprisesanindependentproducer,wholesaler,andretailer.由一个独立的生产者、批发商和零伟商组成。H