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1、用于09汽车班专业英语课程,汽车教研室宋飞舟收集CHAPTER1AUTOMOTIVEBASICS1.1PrincipalComponents"Today'saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscangroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipment・layoutofapassengercarlayoutofacommercalvhic
2、le1.2EngineTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression・ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheateng
3、ines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.1.1BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit・Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers
4、,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable・Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehicle・1.2ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartofavehicle・Thechassisineludesthetransmission,suspension,steering,andbrakes
5、ystems・Transmissionsystems—conveysthedrivetothewheels.Themaincomponentsareclutch,gearbox,driveshaft,finaldrive,anddifferential.Suspension—absorbstheroadshocks.Steering—controlsthedirectionofthemovement.Brake—slowsdownthevehicle.1.3ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectri
6、cityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit・Thiscircuitconsistsofthebattery,alternator(orgenerator)・Thebatterystoreselectricity・Thealternatorchangestheengine'smechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.NewWordsPri
7、ncipalcomponent主要部件category种类,类型body车身chassis底盘layout布??powerunit动力装置internalcombustionengine内燃机cylinder汽缸gasoline汽油spark火花ignition点燃,点火diesel柴油机compression压缩shaft轴transmission传动系sheetmetal金属板shell外壳hood(发动机)罩trunkdeck行李舱盖cargo货物styling样式assembly总成,装配suspension悬挂,悬置shock冲击steering转向,
8、操纵brake刹年,制动