中国节能照明的问题及展望【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文Energy-efficientLightinginChina:problemsandprospectsMaterialSource:Internationalmanagementmagazine　　　Author:FuMinChina’schoicesofenergydemandandsupplytechnologieshavealargeimpactontheworld’senergymarketandtheenvironment.Ofits920billionkWhelectricpowerproductionin1993,itisesti

2、matedthat15%wasusedforlightingconsumption(~120billionkWh).Thisfigureislikelytogrowasthecountrydevelops,andsoimprovingtheenergyefficiencyoflightinginChinacouldhaveatremendousimpactonChina’senergyconsumption.Thispaperdescribeskeycomponentsoftheenergy-efficientlightingindustryfromtech

3、nologyandmarketingpointsofview.Weidentifyafewkeyproblemareasandtheirpotentialsforimprovement.Weidentifyanationalsavingspotentialof40%byshiftingtolampswithperformancecharacteristicstypicalofcurrentWesternpractice—butwithoutchangingthemarketshareofvariouslamptypes—andof60%byadoptingt

4、hebestcommerciallyavailablelampsintheWest.Withtheworld’slargestpopulationandthefastestgrowingeconomy,meetingthegrowingdemandforenergyisoneofthemostimportantanddifficulttasksforChina[1].Becauseofenergysavingsprogramsintheindustrialsectorduringthelasttwodecades,Chinaisoneofthefewdeve

5、lopingcountriesthathaslimiteditsenergydemandgrowthtohalfofitsGNPgrowthrate.However,energyproductionandusestillimposesignificanteconomicandenvironmentalcostsonChina.Giventheevergrowingeconomy,population,andstandardofliving,thecurrentelectricitydemandandsupplyrelationshipcannotbesust

6、ainedmuchlonger.Thisnationof1.2billionpeoplehasthethirdlargesteconomyintheworldaftertheUnitedStatesandJapan.Lightingisresponsibleforabout15%oftotalChineseelectricityusage.The~120billionkWhisequivalenttotheoutputofaboutonehundred250-megawattelectricpowerplants.Despitetheenormousener

7、gydemand,lightingenergyuseinChinaonaverageislessthan100kWh/capita-year,versusabout2000kWh/capitaeachyearintheUnitedStates.Additionally,recommendedlightlevelspromulgatedbytheIlluminatingEngineeringSocietyinChinaareonly11one-sixthtoone-tenthofthoseinJapanandwesternindustrializedcount

8、ries.Forexample,thestandar