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1、外文翻译原文TheNewOrganizationalStructureanditsVirtualFunctioningMaterialSource:InternationalAdvancesinEconomicResearchAuthor:Gil-Estallo,M.-Dels-Angels,Celma-Benaiges,M.Dolors,Aparicio-Valverde,Mireia,Ferruz-Periz,Nuria,Escardibul-Ferra,Blanca"Virtuality"isinitiatingachangeinorganizations.I
2、tisnecessaryforcompaniestobemanagedflexiblyandtorespondtothechangingneedsoftheenvironment.Somenewconceptsofunderstandingtheorganization,accompaniedbycurrenttechnologicaldevelopments,mayoffersomeopportunitiesandsolutionstothevariousstrategies.Howdoesthisnewconceptoforganizationwithnopre
3、sence,nophysicalattendance,andnomaterialfactorsaffectexistingcompanies?Thispaperdealswithquestionssuchas:Whatisvirtualityforcompanies?Howdoesonemanageavirtualcompany?Whatelementsofvirtualityneedtobeconsideredbytraditionalcompaniesenteringthenewmillennium?Thesequestionswillbereflectedup
4、onandanalyzedfromatheoreticalframework.Theframeworkwillprovidethebasisforthedesignofanempiricalstudy.Theresultsofthestudycontributetoandgivefeedbackontheseinitialquestions.IntroductionWesternworldeconomiesandcompaniesaresearchingfornewwaystorespondtothechangingenvironment.Howeverinmany
5、cases,bothquestionsandanswerstendtobetopicalbutnotnecessarilymanageableduetothegreatnumberofunknownssurroundingthecurrentchanges.Oneofthesegreatanswersorchallengesisthevirtualorganization.Itisnecessarytoreflectuponandanalyzethistopicinmoredepth.Firstofall,thereisaneedtodefinetheconcept
6、ofvirtualityandthenseehowitwillbepossibleorconvenienttomanagecompaniesusingtheopportunitiesorproblemsitmaypose.Someauthorshavealreadybeenabletoconceptualizeandcontributewithpracticalproposalsforvirtualorganizations(forexample,seeGil-EstalloandRodriguez[1998]).12Regardingthefirstquestio
7、n,theconceptofavirtualcorporationwasfirstputforthbyDavidowandMalone[1993]andmeansanorganizationthatisorientedtothemarketandcangiveimmediateanswerstothedemandsofitscustomers.Sincethen,therehasbeenaninfluxofideasbymanyauthorswhohavecontributedwiththeirdefinitions.EduardoBueno-Campos[19
