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1、Chapter33形容词性从句定语从句AttributiveClause(形容词性)定语从句1、常用关系词及用法2、限制性和非限制性定语从句考点聚焦:3、that的用法4、带介词的定语从句焦点1:常用关系词及用法关系代词/副词先行词在从句中的作用who指人作主语whom指人作宾语(可略)whose指人或物作定语that指人或物作主语/宾语which指物作主语/宾语when=in/at/on+which表示时间的名词作时间状语(可略)where=in/on/at+which表示地点的名词作地点状语(可略)Why(=fo
2、r+which)reason作原因状语(可略)定语从句:用来修饰名词或代词的句子例如:Themanwhotoldyouthenewsisafriendofmine.定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词来引导的。关系代词有:who,whom,whose,which,that.关系副词有:when,where,why等。1.who代替人,在从句中做主语。e.g.Doyouknowthemanwhowrotethearticle?Whatwasthenameofthemanwhodancedwithyoulastnight?2.
3、whom代替人,在从句中做宾语e.g.Thisistheboywhomwewerelookingfor.3.whose代替人,在从句中做定语e.g.Whatisthenameofthestudentwhosefatherworksinourlab?Thebuildingwhoseroofwecanseefromhereisourdepartment.4.which代替物,在从句中做主语或宾语e.g.Thatwasafaultwhichcouldbeforgiven.Iwillusethereferencebookwh
4、ichyouborrowedfromlibrary。5.that代替人或物,在从句中做主语或宾语e.g.Whoisthemanthatislecturingintheclassroom.Whoisthemanthattalkedwithyou?6.when表示时间,在从句中做状语。e.g.Wedon’tknowtheexacttimewhenweneededhelp.Thedaywillcomewhenwewillwinthefinalvictory.7.where.表示地点,在从句中做状语e.g.Thehousew
5、hereweusedtolivehasbeenpulleddown8.why表示原因,在从句中做状语e.g.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewassohappy?焦点2:非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句与先行词之间关系不密切,具有独立性。如果从句去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。2.从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开,逗号后不接that,只能用which.3.非限制性定语从句有时修饰前面整个句子,此时,从句的动词用单数动词。e.g.*TOEFLisatestforstudents____nativelanguage
6、isnotEnglish.(限制性)A.thatB.ofwhomC.whoseD.whichc*Hestudiedhardinhisyouth,____contributedtohisgreatsuccessinlaterlife.A.thatB.it(非限制性)C.whatD.whichdThesunheatstheearth,whichmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.Themostimportantformofenergyiselectricenergy,whichiswidelyu
7、sedinoureverydaylife.Galileo,whomadethefirsttelescope,diedin1642.Tompassedallhisexaminations,whichpleasedhisparents.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦焦点3:定语从句的难点在下列情况中,只能用关系代词that1)当先行词是不定代词:all,much,little,something,everyth
8、ing,anything等时2)当从句是主系表句型时.3)当先行词前面有:only,any,few,little,no等时4)当先行词是形容词最高级和序数词时:that不做主语时,可以省去。1)当先行词是不定代词:e.g.IgaveyouallthatIhave.2)当从句是主系表句型时.e.g.Hespeaksinaproudwayliket