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1、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级目标:1.了解形容词和的考点2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的理解和运用3.通过练习巩固形容词和副词的用法一.分类:形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级级。1.原级:无比较时,只能用原级(原形)例如:Sheistall.Ourschoolisbeautiful.Tomrunsfast.Iplaythepianowell.修饰原级的词:very,quite,pretty,really,too,so,enough等如:Iamprettyhealthy.Englishissodifficult.Marysingsverywell.Weworkreallyhard.二
2、.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化(a)规则变化1)一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级+er,最高级+est。如:clever—cleverer—cleverestfew—fewer—fewestsmall—smaller—smallest等。2)以e结尾的词,比较级+r,最高级+st即可。如:nice—nicer—nicestcute—cuter—cutestlarge—larger—largest3)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i+er或est如:easy—easier—easiesthappy—happier—happiest再如:early,busy,hea
3、vy,dirty,lazy也如此。4)重读闭音节,单辅音结尾的,双写这个辅音字母+er或est的词:①fat—fatter—fattest②thin—thinner—thinnest③hot—hotter—hottest④red—redder—reddest⑤wet—wetter—wettest⑥big—bigger—biggest5)多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前+more构成比较级,+themost构成最高级。如:beautiful-morebeautiful-themostbeautiful又如:delicious,popular,important,interesting,
4、expensive,creative双音节的词如:careful-morecareful-themostcarefuluseful-moreuseful-themostuseful少数单音节词也是这样,如:pleased—morepleased—themostpleasedtired—moretired—themosttiredb)不规则变化:good—better—bestwell—better—bestbad—worse—worstmany/much—more—mostfar—farther—farthest(距离远)far—further—furthest(程度深)old—elder—
5、eldest(长幼)old—older—oldest(年龄)三.形容词,副词比较级和最高级的基本用法1.两者相比用“比较级”Thiscakeissmallerthanthatone.(small)Whichisbigger,thesunorthemoon?(big)2.最高级的用法(1).三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“the+最高级”的结构表示。例如:TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestinChina.(同义句)TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthanth
6、eotherriversinChina.(2).最高级可被序数词以及much,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notquite,notreally,nothinglike等词语所修饰。例如:Thishatisbyfar/much/nearly/almost/notnearly/bynomeans/notquite/nothinglikethebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?(3).表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent,extreme,perfect等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。(4).形容
7、词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时,被修饰的词往往省略。e.g.Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.(5).作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。四.中考链接1.比较级考点①比较级修饰问题alittle,abit,even,still,much,alot,far等可修饰比较级。e.g.TomisalittletallerthanJim.Thisbookismuchmoreinte