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1、ImageschemaTheoriginalnotionGeorgeLakoffandMarkJohnson,1987,Women,FireandDangerousThings.WhatCategoriesrevealabouttheMind.Chicago:TheUniversityofChicagoPress.MarkJohnson,1987,TheBodyintheMind.TheBodilyBasisofMeaning,Imagination,andReason.Chicago:ChicagoUniversityPr
2、ess.Characterizationoftheiroriginal conceptionImageschemasaredirectlymeaningful(“experiential”/“embodied”),pre-conceptualstructures,whicharisefrom,oraregroundedin,humanrecurrentbodilymovementsthroughspace,perceptualinteractions,andwaysofmanipulatingobjects.Imagesch
3、emasarehighlyschematicgestaltswhichcapturethestructuralcontoursofsensory-motorexperience,integratinginformationfrommultiplemodalities.Imageschemasexistascontinuousandanaloguepatternsbeneathconsciousawareness,priortoandindependentlyofotherconcepts.Center-peripherysc
4、hemaInvolvesaphysicalormetaphoricalcoreandedge,anddegreesofdistancefromthecore.Examples(English):ThestructureofanappleAnindividual’sperceptualsphereAnindividual’ssocialsphere,withfamilyandfriendsatthecoreandothershavingdegreesofperipheralityContainmentschemaInvolve
5、saphysicalormetaphoricalboundaryenclosedareaorvolume,orexcludedareaorvolume.Bodilyexperience:humanbodiesascontainers.Structuralelements:interior,boundary,exteriorBasiclogic:ForallA,X,eitherIN(X,A)ornot.ForallA,B,X,ifCONTAINER(A)andCONTAINER(B)andIN(A,B)andIN(X,A),t
6、henIN(X,B).Theshipiscomingintoview.She’sdeepinthought.Westoodinsilence.CycleschemaInvolvesrepetitiouseventsandeventseries.Itsstructureincludesthefollowing:AstartingpointAprogressionthroughsuccessiveeventswithoutbacktrackingAreturntotheinitialstateTheschemaoftenhass
7、uperimposedonitastructurethatbuildstowardaclimaxandthengoesthroughareleaseordecline.Examples(English)DaysWeeksYearsSleepingandwakingBreathingCirculationEmotionalbuildupandreleaseEnd-of-pathschemaAnimageschemainwhichalocationisunderstoodastheterminationofaprescribed
8、pathExample(English):Inthefollowingsentence,itisunderstoodthatonemusttraversethehillbeforereachingSam’shome,whichisattheendofthepath:Samlivesover
