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1、Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks单元语法专练动词不定式的用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,to是动词不定式符号,有时可以省略。动词不定式在句中可以充当各种成分。1.作主语:Todo+谓语动词+其他。动词不定式作主语时,todo也可放在句子后面,主语的位置上用it作形式主语。例如:Tohelpothersisagreatthing.帮助别人是一件伟大的事情。Itiseasytosaythings.说事情容易。2.作宾语:主语+谓语动词+todo。有时也用形式宾语it,动词不定式放在后面。例如:Hedecidedtobean
2、animaldoctor.他决定要当一名兽医。Ithinkitgoodtovolunteer.我认为做志愿者很好。3.作宾语补足语:主语+谓语动词+宾语+todo。例如:Youcanhelpme(to)cleanthehouse.你可以帮我打扫屋子。4.作定语:放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。例如:Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你要喝点什么吗?5.作状语:主语+谓语动词+(宾语)+(状语)+todo。例如:Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.那个女孩可以去医院看望生病的小
3、孩,让他们高兴起来。6.作表语:主语+连系动词+todo。例如:Mydreamistobeascientistoranartist.我的梦想是当一名科学家或艺术家。动词短语的构成1.动词+介词:此类动词短语后接宾语。例如:lookafter“照看,照顾”,carefor“照顾,非常喜欢”,waitfor“等待”,lookfor“寻找”,lookat“看”,listento“听”,hearfrom“收到……的来信”,takeafter“(外貌或行为)像”2.动词+副词:此类动词短语可以接宾语,也可以不接宾语。当宾语是代词时,必须放于副词的前面,即“动词+宾语+副词”;当
4、宾语是名词时,可以放在副词的前面或后面。例如:giveup“放弃”,handout“分发”,putup“举起;张贴”,callup“打电话给……,征召”,findout“发现,弄明白”,cheerup“使变得高兴”3.动词+副词+介词:此类动词短语后接宾语。例如:comeupwith“想出”,getoutof“离开,从……出来”,runoutof“用完,耗尽”4.动词+名词+介词:此类动词短语后接宾语。例如:takepartin“参加”,takecareof“小心照顾”,makeuseof“利用”5.动词+名词:此类动词短语不接宾语。例如:takeplace“发生”Ⅰ
5、.单项填空(B)1.Myhostfamilyalwaystrytheirbest mefeelathome. A.makingB.tomakeC.makeD.makes(C)2.Jimwenttothelibrary somesciencemagazinesyesterday. A.borrowB.borrowsC.toborrowD.borrowed(C)3.I’dlikeahouse,nottoolarge, . A.liveinB.toliveC.toliveinD.livingin(A)4.Parentsshouldalwaystellthe
6、irkids withstrangers. A.nottotalkB.nottalkingC.tonottalkD.nottalk(A)5.Everyoneshouldturnofflightswhentheyleavetheroom energy. A.tosaveB.forsaveC.savingD.tosavingⅡ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空workout,turnon,cheerup,handout,putoff1.Theschoolsportsmeetingwillbe putoff becauseoftheheavyrain. 2.Jim
7、didn’tpasstheexamandhewasnothappy.Let’sdosomething tocheer him up . 3.Thegovernmentistryingmanyways toworkout theairpollution. 4.Finally,wemanagedto handout allthe1,000posterswithothers’help. 5.GrandmawantstowatchtheprogramLegalReport.Please turnon theTV.
