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1、外文翻译原文DoexportprocessingzonesattractFDIanditsbenefits—TheexperiencefromChinaMaterialSource:InternationalEconomicsandEconomicPolicyAuthor:EdwardM.Graham1.IntroductionThequestionposedbythetitleofthispapercanbeansweredinfactquitesimply.IntheexperienceofChina,export-processingzones(
2、or,touseChineseterminology,SpecialEconomicZonesorSEZs)didsucceed,duringthedecadeofthe1980s,tobringintoChinaasignificantvolumeofforeigndirectinvestment(FDI).Withthisinvestmentdidcomecertainbenefits.However,bothgreatervolumesofinvestmentandgreaterbenefitsfollowedwhenthespecialprivil
3、egesaccordedtoforeigninvestorsinSEZswerenullifiedbytheChinesegovernmentin1991viatheopeningallofChinatoforeigninvestmentonessentiallythesametermsasweregrantedintheSEZs.ThishasledsomeobserverstoconcludethattheSEZswereafailureinthesensethatperhapsthebenefitsthatalmostunquestionablyha
4、vebeenbroughttoChinabyforeigninvestmentcouldhavebeenacceleratedhadthe1991liberalizationoccurredearlierandtheperiodcurtailedduringwhichthisinvestmentwaslargelyrestrictedtoSEZs(andtoSEZ-likezones;asweshallsee,evenduringthe1980s,FDIwasnotlimitedtotheformally-declaredSEZsbutextended
5、tootherareastowhichSEZ-likeprivilegeswereextendedtofirms).Thus,thequestionposedbythetitlecanberestatedasfollows,weretheSEZs,andSEZ-likezones,a‘‘buildingblock’’uponwhichthesuccessfulbuild-upofFDIduringthe1990sand2000srested?Or,intheend,weretherestrictionsimposedonChinaoutsidetheSE
6、Zsduringthehey-dayoftheSEZssimplyanobstaclethatslowedChina’seconomicprogress?Thesequestionsofcourseareinacategorythatcanneverbeanswereddefinitively;afterall,wewillneverknowthe‘‘counterfactual’’,i.e.,ifthingshadbeendonedifferentlyinChinaduringthe1980s–specifically,ifChinahadpursuedm
7、oreliberalandopenpoliciesthanitdid–wouldtheeconomicsituationtherebebetterthanitisnow?Theansweris,weshallneverknowforsure.But,nonetheless,wecanexplorethesequestionswiththehopethatsomeinsightcanbegained,evenifthisinsightmightnotintheendgivefinalanswertothequestionsthatwepose.4.Thep
8、eriodoftheSEZsre-examinedAsnotedintheintroducti
