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ID:457776
大小:53.50 KB
页数:9页
时间:2017-08-04
《集装箱航运和港口概述【外文翻译】》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、外文翻译原文ContainerShippingAndPorts:AnOverviewMaterialSource:InstitutefoTransportandMaritimeAntwerp(ITMMA),UniversityofAntwerp,2004.Author:THEOE.NOTTEBOOMAbstractGlobalisation,deregulation,logisticsintegrationandcontainerisationhavereshapedtheportandshippingindustry.Portan
2、dmaritimecompaniesarechallengedtoredefinetheirfunctionalroleinthevaluechainforthesakeofcreatingcustomervalueandofensuringthesurvivalandgrowthofthecompany.Companiesarebusilytryingtodisruptthestatusquoratherthanpreserveit.Basedonempiricalevidence,thispaperdemonstratestha
3、tbecauseoftherapidlychangingenvironmenttheportandlinershippingmarketsarenotstableanylonger.Individualterminaloperatorsandshippinglinestendtowalkdifferentpathsonaquestforhighermarginsandincreasedcustomersatisfaction.Andmorethanoncethey(haveto)changepaths.1IntroductionTh
4、emarketenvironmentinwhichcontainerportsandshippinglinesareoperatingissubstantiallychanging.Oneofthemaindrivingforcestochangeemergesfromtheglobalisationprocessandthelarge-scaleadoptionofthecontainersincethelate1960s.Worldwidecontainerportthroughputincreasedfrom36million
5、TEU1in1980to266millionTEUin2002.Forecastspointtobetween432and468millionTEUin2010.WhiletheAtlanticRimisthecradleofcontainerisation,economicallydynamicEastAsiahasbecometheworld’smaincontainerregion.TheshareofAsiainworldwidecontainerportthroughputrosefrom25percentin1980to
6、about46percentnow,whileEuropesawitssharedropfrom32percentto23percent.Theriseofworldcontainerisationistheresultoftheinterplayofmacroeconomic,microeconomicandpolicy-orientedfactors.Worldtradeisfacilitatedthroughtheeliminationoftradebarriersandtheliberalisationandderegula
7、tionofmarkets.Practicalevidenceshowsthatthepublicsectorhasredefineditsroleintheportandshippingindustriesthroughprivatisationandcorporatisationschemes.Contemporarygovernmentinterventioninanefficiency-orientedindustrytypicallyfocusesontheissueofmarketliberalisationandthe
8、creationofalevelplayingfieldforfaircompetition,themonopolyissueandthepublicgoodsissue.Withthereassessmentoftheroleoft
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