交通工程总结

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1、PartOne—DefinethefollowingtermsHeadway（车头时距）：isdefinedasthetimeintervalbetweensuccessivevehiclesastheypassapointalongthelane,alsomeasuredbetweencommonreferencepointsonthevehicles・HourlyVolumeMaxRateofFlowPeakHourFactor（高峰小时系数）：Therelationshipbetweenthehourlyvolumeandthema

2、ximumrateofflowwithinthehourisdefinedbythepeakhourfactor（PHF）.PHF=Perception-reactiontime（PRT）（反应时间）：fromstartofperceptiontotheendofreaction（2.5secondisverycommon）;itvariesgreatlyfrompersontoperson,fromsituationtosituation・Capacity:MaximumHourlyRateatwhichpersonsorvehicle

3、scantraverseapointorauniformsectionofalaneorroadwayduringagiventimeperiodunderprevailingroadway,trafficandcontrolconditions.Gapacceptance:isdefinedasthedistancebetweenthepedestrianandtheapproachingvehicleatthetimethepedestrianbeginhisorhercrossing.Spacing（车头间距）：isdefineda

4、sthedistancebetweensuccessivevehiclesinatrafficlane,measuredfromsomecommonreferencepointonthevehicles,suchasthefrontbumperorfrontwheels.Levelofservice（服务水平）:isaqualitymeasuredescribingoperationalconditionswithinatrafficstream,generallyintermsofsuchservicemeasuresasspeedan

5、dtraveltime,freedomtomaneuver,trafficinterruptions,andcomfortandconvenience.Percentile：avalueinadistributionforwhichthestatedpercentageofthepopulationhasacharacteristicsthatislessthanorequaltothespecifiedvalue・PCU（passengercarunits）：aunitofmeasurewherebylargetrucksandturn

6、ingmovementsarcconvertedtopassengercarsusingmultiplicationfactors・=0・278S」+254.28（F±%G）Totalstoppingdistance：Thesumofthereactiondistanceandthebrakingdistance.TDM:istheapplicationofstrategiesandpoliciestoreducetraveldemand（specificallythatofsingle-occupancyprivatevehicles）

7、,ortoredistributethisdemandinspaceorintime.TSM：isaprocessforplanningandoperatingaunitarysystemofurbantransportation.Delay：isdefinedas“theaddiionaltraveltimeexperiencedbyadriver,passengerorpedestrian^andwithrespecttofieldmeasurements,it'sthedifferenceintraveltimewhenavehic

8、leisunaffectedbythecontrolledintersectionortrafficincidentsandwhenavehicleisaffectedbythecontrol