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1、直流电机闭环控制系统研究摘要双闭环直流调速系统是一个复杂的自动控制系统,是目前直流调速系统屮的主流设备,具冇调速范围宽、平稳性好、稳速精度高等优点,在理论和实践方而都是比较成熟的系统,在拖动领域屮发挥着极其重要的作用。由于直流电机双闭环调速是各种电机调速系统的基础,本文就直流电机调速进行了较系统的研究,从直流电机的基本特性到单闭环调速系统,然后进行双闭环直流电机设计方法研究,最后用实际系统进行工程设计,并采用MATLAB6.5/SIMULINK进行仿真,分析了双闭环调速系统的工程设计方法屮由于忽略和简化造成的误差。对于双闭环直流调速系统,在设计和调试过程屮冇大量
2、的参数需要计算和调整,运用传统的设计方法工作量大,系统调试困难。本文对双闭环直流调速系统进行辅助设计,选择调节器结构,进行参数计算和近似校验,根据给出和计算出的相应参数,建立起制动、抗电网电压扰动和抗负载扰动的MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真模型,分析转速和电流的仿真波形,并进行调试,使双闭环直流调速系统趋于完善、合理。仿真结果证明了该方法的可行性和合理性。关键词:直流电机双闭环PID控制MATLAB/SIMULINKAbstractThedoubleclosedloopdirectcurrentvelocitymodulationsystemisacompl
3、exautomaticcontrolsystem,isinthepresentdirectcurrentvelocitymodulationsystemmainstreamequipment,hasthevelocitymodulationscopewidth,thestabilityisgood,thesteadyfastprecisionhighermerit,inthetheoryandthepracticeaspectallisthequitematuresystem,indrivesinthedomaintoplaytheextremelyvitalr
4、ole.Becausethedirectcurrentmachinedoubleclosedloopvelocitymodulationiseachkindofelectricalmachineryvelocitymodulationsystemfoundation,thisarticlehasconductedmoresystematicresearchonthedirectcurrentmachinevelocitymodulation,fromthedirectcurrentmachinebasiccharacteristictothesingleclos
5、edloopvelocitymodulationsystem,thenconductsthedoubleclosedloopdirectcurrentmachinedesignmethodresearch,finallyusestheactualsystemtocarryontheengineeringdesign,andusesMATLAB6.5/Simulinktocarryonthesimulation,hasanalyzedinthedoubleclosedloopvelocitymodulationsystemengineeringdesignmeth
6、odbecauseneglectstheerrorwhichcreateswiththesimplification.Regardingthedoubleclosedloopdirectcurrentvelocitymodulationsystem,hasthemassiveparametersinthedesignandthedebuggingprocesstoneedtocalculateandtoadjust,theutilizationtraditiondesignmethodworkloadisbig,systemdebuggingdifficulty
7、,accordingtoproducesthecorrespondingparameterwhichandcalculates,establishesappliesthebrake,theanti-electricalnetworkvoltageperturbationandtheanti-loadperturbationMATLAB/Simulinksimulationmodel,theanalysisrotationalspeedandtheelectriccurrentsimulationprofile,andcarriesonthedebugging,e
8、nablethedoub