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1、2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解练习（2）(I)阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。ThePacificOceanisthelargestoftheworld’sfouroceans.ItsnameesfromtheLatinmeaning“peacefulsea”，andwasgivenbythePortugueseexplorerFerdinandMagellan,whosevoyagewasplainthere.However,thePacificis
2、notalwayspeaceful.Itsislandsareoftenhitbytyphoons,andthecountriessurroundingithavemanyvolcanoesandareoftenhitbyearthquakes.Tsunamis(海啸),causedbyunderwaterearthquakes,havedestroyedmanylow－lyingcoastaltowns.TheOceancontainsabout46%ofEarth’ssurfacewater,andma
3、kesupabout32%ofitstotalsurfacearea,morethanalloftheplanet’slandareas.Theequator(赤道)dividesitintotheNorthPacificandtheSouthPacificOceans,thelatterofwhichcontainsmostofitslargest25,000islands.ThelargestlandmassentirelywithinthePacificOceanistheislandofNewGui
4、nea,withAustraliatoitssouth；ithasbeentheworld’ssecond－largestislandsinceseparatingfromtheAustralianmainland.ThelowestpointonEarth,theMarianaTrench(海沟),lies10,911metersbelowthesurfaceofthePacific,buttheOcean’saveragedepthis4,280meters.Thewatertemperatureoft
5、hePacificvariesfromfreezingatthepolestoabout300Cneartheequator.Itssalinity(盐分)alsovariesfromplacetoplace.Thewaterneartheequatorislesssaltybecauseoftherainfallthere,butatthepolessalinityisalsolow,becauselittleevaporation(蒸发)takesplaceinthecoldwaterofthesear
6、eas.Theexploitation(开采)ofthePacific’smineralwealthisdifficultinitsdeeperparts.However,intheshallowwatersofthecontinentalshelvesoffthecoastsofAustraliaandNewZealand,oilandnaturalgasareexploited,andpearlsareharvestedalongthecoastsofAustralia,Japan,Nicaraguaa
7、ndthePhilippines.ThePacific’sgreatestwealthisitsfish,butthefishingindustryhasbeenharmedgreatlybymarinepollution.ThebiggestharmesfromriversthatcarryintotheOceanmanychemicalsusedasfertilizersinagriculture,aswellaswaste.Thesedaysmanycountriesareingtogethertot
8、rytoprotecttheOcean.1.FerdinandMagellangavetheOceanitsnamebecausehe________.A.expectedtoliveapeacefullifeB．hopedtherewouldbenomorewarsC．cameuponnoseriousstormswhilecrossingitD．expectedtostaysafeandhealthyther
