2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 科普知识阅读理解（4）

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1、2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习科普知识阅读理解（4）科普知识（阅读理解）由(xx全国Ⅱ,C)改编Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculture(文化)thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohasotheruses.Awoman’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmilesheg

2、ivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusion(困惑)acrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiaconsidersmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces(althoughthisislessmoninbigcities

3、).SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsiancultures,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.Ourfacesshowemotions(情感),butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peop

4、lefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressivenesspermitted.Forexample,inpublicandinfor

5、malsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.Peoplefromcertainculturalbackgrou

6、ndsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers.Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof“reading”theotherpersonincorrectly.1.WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?(　　)A.Love.B.Politeness.C.

7、Joy.D.Thankfulness.2.TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatasmilecan　　　. A.showfriendlinesstostrangersB.beusedtohidetruefeelingsC.beusedinthewrongplacesD.showpersonalhabits3.Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“read”people?(　　)A.Learnabouttheirrelatio