【听力文摘】研究表明：鸟类智商不算太糟

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1、【听力文摘】研究表明：鸟类智商不算太糟ResearchShowsBirdBrainsAren'tSoBadThenexttimesomeonecallsyoua“birdbrain,”youshouldthankthem.ChangingOpinionsNeuroscientists'opinionsaboutthebrainsofbirdshavechanged.Inhumansandothermammals,theroofoftheforebrainhasevolvedintothecerebralcortex,astr

2、uctureresponsibleforflexiblelearningandreasoning.Earlyneuroanatomiststhoughtthattheforebrainroofwassmallandsimpleinbirds,withitsforebraininsteadbeingdominatedbystructuresinitsbase,calledthebasalganglia.Withoutanelaborateforebrainroof,itseemedthatbirdscouldn'tbevery

3、smart.NewResearchRecentresearchshowsthatbirdsarealotsmarterthanscientistsoncethought.Togivejustafewexamples,theNewCaledoniancrowcanmanufactureandusetools.TheAfricangreyparrotcanlearntoclassifyobjectsintocategories,andtheRoridascrubjaystoresfoodindozensofcachesandca

4、nremembertheirlocationsforfutureuse.Itturnsoutthatneuroanatomistshaditallwrongaboutbirdforebrains.Duringmorethan300millionyearsofseparateevolution,theforebrainroofsofbirdsandofmammalseachgrewlargerandmoreelaborate,butindifferentways・Theroofofabird'sforebrainissodif

5、ferentfromthecerebralcortexofamammalthattheneuroanatomistshadconfusedmostofitwithenlargedbasalganglia・-fromputclub