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1、外文翻译原文E-commercialandconsequencesforthelogisticsindustryMaterialSource:http://eng.hi138.comAuthor:KenthLumsdenDistributiondevelopmentwithine-commerce1.1ConventionaldistributionInconventionalinternationaldistribution,goodspassthroughseveralnodes,orstops,beforereachingthecustom
2、er,seeFigure3.Afterproduction,andpossiblystorageatthefactory,thegoodsaredeliveredtothenationaldistributioncenter(DC).Heretheyarestored,consolidatedandreloaded,andthensentontothenextstop,thelocalDC.ThegoodsarehandledinthesamewayasatthenationalDC,andarethereaftersentontothereta
3、iler,wheretheyaresoldtothecustomer.Sincemostofthetimethatgoodsspendatnodesdoesnotaddvalue,themorenodesthereareinadistributionchannelthelessefficientitgenerallyis(Lumsden,1998).Thepointwherethegoodschangefrombeingdeliveredtostocktobeingdeliveredtoorderiscalledthecustomerorderp
4、oint(COP).Inconventionaldistribution,theCOPisattheretailer,wherethecustomersorderandbuytheproducts.Thisiscalledapushsystemsincethecompanypredictsthedemandandthegoodsarepushedthroughthedistributionchannel(Coyleetal.,1996).Withe-commercethereareseveralpossibilitiesfornewwaysofd
5、istributinggoods,andpresumablytherewillbedifferentwaysofdistributionfordifferenttypesofgoods.Timewillbeofgreatimportancewhendecidingonwhattypeofdistributionmodeltouse.ThefasterandmoredirectflowofinformationontheInternetwillmakeitpossibletoskiponeormorenodesinthedistributionch
6、annelandtherebyincreasedeliveryspeed.Forexample,inthefutureproductsmightbedeliveredtothecustomerdirectlyfromtheproducerorfromanationaldistributionwarehouse.Onelikelyscenarioisthatcustomerswillhavethepossibilitytochoosehowquicklytheywanttheirproductsdelivered.Themorethecustome
7、rsarewillingtopay,thefastertheycanreceivetheirproducts,andthedistributionmodelswillthenbedifferentaccordingtotheleadtimeallowed.1.2DistributionstructuresforInternetbuyingAlongwiththeentryandexpansionofe-commerce,itwillbepossibleandnecessarytomakelargechangesincompanies’distri
8、butionprocesses.ThisisbecausetheCOPwillbemovedupstreaminthedistribut
