马鞍山市2008年狂犬病暴露病例的暴露和处置状况分析

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1、马鞍山市2008年狂犬病暴露病例的暴露和处置状况分析陈友宝黄兴琼王德荣王爱萍[摘要]目的分析马鞍山市当前狂犬病暴露人群的流行病学状况及处置状况，为加强本市的狂犬病防制工作提供科学的依据。方法采用描述性研究方法，根据预防医学门诊部2008年全年门诊日志登记资料，对全年共6322份病例的性别，年龄，暴露动物，暴露时间，暴露级别，伤口处理及疫苗接种的及时性和免疫球蛋白的接种率等相关因素进行统计分析。结果2008年马鞍山市预防医学门诊部共接诊6322份病例，暴露人群覆盖各年龄组，其中10岁以下儿童和20-59岁成人居多，占总量的68.5%，男3189例,占50.6%,女313

2、3例,占49.4%,男女暴露无显著性差异（p>0.05），肇事动物以犬为主，占95.8%,其次为猫,占2.3%,伤口及时清洗率为58%，在1天内就诊占95%以上,有暴露前接种史的占0.2%,III级暴露患者联合应用狂犬病免疫球蛋白比例为35.2%。结论目前人们对狂犬病暴露后的处置意识较强，疫苗接种意识较好，但对伤口的及时处理没有引起足够的重视，暴露前免疫意识淡薄，狂犬病免疫球蛋白的使用率有待进一步提高。[关键词}狂犬病；暴露；处置；分析Theanalysisofexposedcasesofrabiesexposureanddisposalofthesituationi

3、nMaanshan2008Chenyou-bao,Huangxing-qiong,Wangde-rong,Wangai-ping(MaanshancenterforDiseasesControlandPrevention,Maanshan,Auhui243000,China)[Abstract]ObjectiveAnalysisofthecurrentrabiesexposureMAANSHANgroupsanddisposalofstateoftheepidemiologicalsituation,Tostrengthenpreventionandcontrolof

4、rabiesinthecitytoprovidethescientificbasis.[Methods]Descriptiveresearchmethodsused,Out-patientdepartmentofpreventivemedicineinaccordancewiththeyear2008out-patientregistrationdatalog，Foratotalof6322casesofgender,age,exposuretoanimals,exposuretime,exposurelevel,woundtreatmentandthetimelin

5、essofvaccinationandthevaccinationrateofimmunoglobulin-relatedfactorssuchasstatisticalanalysis。[Results]Out-patientdepartmentofpreventivemedicinein2008atotalof6322casesofreception,Exposedpopulationcoverageineachagegroup,Ofthese,10children5undertheageof20-59yearsofageandmostadults,account

6、ingfor68.5%ofthetotalmalepopulationexposed,Menand3189cases,accountingfor50.6%,3133casesofwomen,accountingfor49.4%ofmenandwomenexposedtonosignificantdifference(p>0.05)。Accidentanimalsmainlyindogs,accountingfor95.8%,followedbycats,accountingfor2.3%,Cleaningthewoundintimeforthe58%rate,in1d

7、aymorethan95%attendance,pre-exposurevaccinationhistoryaccountedfor0.2%,III-classexposureinpatientswithrabiesimmuneglobulincombinedratiowas35.2%.[Conclusion]Atpresent,aboutthedisposalofpost-exposurerabiesawarenessstronger,betterawarenessofvaccination,butthewoundwasnottimelyenoug